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All Journal Journal of Pain, Vertigo and Headache Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition
Athifah Nur Azizah Arif
Unknown Affiliation
Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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EFFICACY OF ROBOT-ASSISTED THERAPY FOR ANKLE REHABILITATION IN STROKE PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS Michelle Taruna, Dea; Athifah Nur Azizah Arif; Izzati, Nisrina Khansa; Salsabila, Pricillia Laurenza; Adams, Fayyaza Faiz
Journal of Pain, Headache and Vertigo Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : PERDOSNI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Neurologi Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jphv.2025.006.02.03

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is characterized by an obstruction or reduction in blood supply, leading to decreased oxygen supply to the brain. This disease is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of disability, including ankle disorders. Robot-Assisted Therapy (RAT) presents as a potentially effective ankle rehabilitation approach to improve walking and balance in stroke survivors. Unlike conventional ankle rehabilitation, RAT provides more repetitive and precise training. To address the gap in stroke rehabilitation, particularly in ankle function, this study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of various RATs in ankle rehabilitation in stroke patients. Methods: We conducted a literature search through PubMed, Scopus, Proquest, Sage, and EBSCOhost to assess RAT until August 12, 2024. The keywords used were (“Stroke” OR “Post-stroke” OR “Stroke rehabilitation”) AND “Robots” AND “Ankle” and their synonyms. Results: Five studies, with a total of 156 samples, were included in the qualitative and quantitative analyses. Meta-analysis showed that RAT ankle significantly improved walking speed with a Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) of 1.13 (95% CI: 0.32, 1.94; P = 0.006) and Active Range of Motion (AROM) with a SMD of 2.08 (95% CI: 1.5, 2.66; P < 0.00001). However, other parameters assessed in this study, namely the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), did not show significant effects in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Robot-Assisted Therapy (RAT) shows promising potential to improve ankle rehabilitation in stroke patients. In addition, this study proves that RAT significantly improves walking speed and active ankle range of motion.
The Role of Gut Microbiota in Pediatric Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Microbiota Profiles in Obese versus Normal Weight Children Alhaq, Karina Fitria; Fayyaza Faiz Adams; Athifah Nur Azizah Arif; Pricilia Laurenza Salsabila; Filla Reviyani Suryaningrat
Archives of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): APGHN Vol. 4 No. 4 November 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58427/apghn.4.4.2025.158-173

Abstract

Background: Pediatric obesity is increasingly acknowledged as a significant public health issue with the gut microbiome identified as a potential contributing factor. Increasing evidence indicated that the gut microbiome is integral to metabolic health and the etiology of obesity. Nonetheless, data pertaining specifically to pediatric populations is still limited and underexplored. This study compared the composition of gut microbiota between obese and normal-weight children and to identify microbial patterns associated with pediatric obesity. Methods: This study adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A thorough literature search was performed across various databases. We looked at eligible studies and then rated their quality and analyzed them with Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4. Result: This systematic review and meta-analysis included ten studies involving 562 children, utilizing cross-sectional and case-control methodologies. The meta-analysis, which included two studies with 124 participants (64 obese and 60 normal-weight), showed that the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio was much higher in obese children than in normal-weight (mean difference = 5.15; p < 0.00001). Taxonomic analysis showed obese children had more members of the phylum Firmicutes, such as Lactobacillus, Clostridium, and Megamonas. On the other hand, Bacteroidetes, especially Prevotella and Bacteroides, were usually less abundant. Conclusion: The results indicate that dysbiosis in gut microbiota may contribute to pediatric obesity. These results underscore the potential of gut microbiota modulation as a treatment for childhood obesity. Research is necessary to clarify causal mechanisms and investigate microbiota-based-interventions.
Co-Authors Adams, Fayyaza Faiz Alhaq, Karina Fitria Fayyaza Faiz Adams Filla Reviyani Suryaningrat Izzati, Nisrina Khansa Michelle Taruna, Dea Pricilia Laurenza Salsabila Salsabila, Pricillia Laurenza