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All Journal Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Wulur, Kevin Hanyu Clinton
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Hypocenter relocation to identify hidden faults and their environmental implications in the karst region of Maros-Pangkep, South Sulawesi Wulur, Kevin Hanyu Clinton; Junaedi, Subaer; Susanto, Agus; Purba, Joshua; Priadi, Ramadhan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8663

Abstract

The Maros-Pangkep region in South Sulawesi is a tropical karst landscape not officially mapped as an active fault zone, yet it has exhibited increasing micro-seismic activity in recent years. This study investigates the potential existence of hidden faults through hypocenter relocation using the double-difference method. A total of 191 earthquake events with magnitudes of 1-2.6 were successfully relocated using BMKG catalog data and the IASP91 global velocity model. The resulting hypocenters form a northwest–southeast-trending cluster, with fault plane geometry of 333°–346° strike, 8°–9° dip, and ~11 km length. These events cluster along boundaries of the Tonasa, Camba, and intrusive rocks, where competence contrast and karstification localize deformation. To complement the spatial analysis, magnitude–frequency characteristics were evaluated using the Gutenberg–Richter relationship. The estimated b-value of 1.34 indicates a low-stress regime dominated by small-magnitude seismicity, consistent with distributed deformation in brittle, heterogeneous lithologies. Although micro-seismic in scale, the spatial and statistical patterns suggest the presence of a structurally weak and potentially seismogenic zone that is not reflected in current tectonic maps. These findings underscore the importance of including the Maros–Pangkep region of South Sulawesi in seismic hazard assessments and land management efforts. The integration of relocation techniques and seismicity statistics proves effective for detecting latent fault structures in complex karst settings. In addition to seismic risks, such activity may accelerate land degradation through sinkholes, aquifer disruption, and ground instability, highlighting the value of geophysical assessments in managing vulnerable karst environments.
Characterization and Cross-Sectional Modeling of the Newly Identified Rawup Fault Based on Relocated Hypocenters and Focal Mechanism in South Sulawesi Wulur, Kevin Hanyu Clinton; Purba, Joshua; Priadi, Ramadhan
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS Vol 15, No 2 (2025): October
Publisher : Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/ijap.v15i2.104787

Abstract

This study presents an integrated seismotectonic analysis combining earthquake hypocenter relocation and P-wave polarity–based focal mechanism modeling to investigate the microseismic cluster in the Maros–Pangkep region, South Sulawesi. Using seismic data recorded by the BMKG network between 2019 and 2024, a total of 191 events were successfully relocated through the double-difference (HypoDD) algorithm, achieving a significant reduction in RMS residuals. The relocated hypocenters delineate a coherent northwest–southeast–trending fault plane with a strike of approximately 260° and a dip of 7–9°, consistent with a dextral strike-slip mechanism exhibiting minor oblique components. Integration with polarity-derived focal mechanisms confirms a consistent stress orientation compatible with regional compression along the Walanae Fault System. This alignment suggests the presence of a previously unmapped active structure, herein referred to as the Rawup Fault, accommodating local stress redistribution between carbonate and volcanic–clastic units. The findings advance the understanding of active deformation in low-seismicity, karst-dominated terrains and demonstrate the value of combining relocation and focal mechanism analyses for detecting hidden faults. These results provide new insights into the tectonic evolution and seismic hazard potential of the Maros-Pangkep.
Co-Authors Agus Susanto Priadi, Ramadhan Purba, Joshua Subaer -