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Bridging The Digital-Physical Divide: Transfer Learning For Unified Threat Correlation in Converged IT/OT/IOT Ecosystems Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS) Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): September
Publisher : PT. Maju Malaqbi Makkarana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/ecbis.v3i6.231

Abstract

The increased integration of operational technology (OT), Internet of Things (IoT), and business IT systems has allowed sophisticated attackers to circumvent isolated security features and launch cross-platform assaults. Current fragmented techniques, with discrete detectors monitoring Modbus, Kubernetes, MQTT, or other domain-specific protocols, cannot handle cross-system risks. These methodologies overlook 68% of multi-vector marketing that uses both physical and digital channels. This study introduces a transfer learning architecture to integrate detection capabilities by correlating threats across protocols, devices, and settings. The architecture generates a unified feature space that extracts behavioral semantics from industrial control system logs, cloud telemetry, network traffic, and device-level signals to produce protocol-agnostic threat representations. Adversarial domain adaptation and semantic graph embeddings enable cross-domain knowledge transfer with minimum retraining. Security teams may now discover kill chains like infected cloud containers preceding illegal PLC command execution every 23 minutes. Validated against real-world attack datasets from water treatment facilities (OT) and cloud infrastructure (IT), the system achieved 93.4% cross-platform attack recall, a 41.3 percentage point improvement over prior methodologies. It reduced OT data labeling by 89% and false positives by 93.5%. This paradigm shift transforms threat correlation from a reactive, domain-specific process to adaptive intelligence, boosting resilience for critical infrastructure, industrial ecosystems, and smart environments facing cyber-physical hazards. The framework's practical validation in energy, industry, and vital infrastructure shows its importance in protecting an increasingly linked world.
Beyond The Hype: a Real World Evaluation of Blockchain's Role in Democratizing Agri Food Systems Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS) Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): September
Publisher : PT. Maju Malaqbi Makkarana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/ecbis.v3i6.232

Abstract

Blockchain technology is touted for democratizing supply chains, but 30–40% of smallholder farmers are excluded from fair market participation due to information gaps and power imbalances. The first complete empirical examination of blockchain's capacity to empower disadvantaged farmers in Global South agri-food systems. The paper examines 15 large-scale implementations, including Kenyan coffee cooperatives and Indian dairy collectives, using a rigorous mixed-methods methodology. Technical scalability in resource-limited situations, governance structures that promote meaningful multi-stakeholder engagement, and quantifiable inclusion results for small-scale farmers are thoroughly examined. Comparative case study, agent-based adoption modeling, and quasi-experimental effect evaluation by Propensity Score matching reveal that blockchain's potential is not automatic nor inherent in eight nations. Techno-institutional synergy, not technological complexity, improves democracy, the research shows. Hybrid governance systems with farmer-controlled validator nodes and tokenized decision-making rights enhanced smallholder involvement by 58% and premium retention by 78% over corporate-controlled systems. However, technologically sophisticated deployments without institutional expertise frequently increase power concentration and exclusion. The blockchain viability index helps identify optimal deployment conditions for different commodities, empirical evidence challenges the idea that decentralization automatically promotes inclusion, and the inclusion-by-design framework helps policymakers embed equitable principles into decentralized agri-tech from the start. This study shows food system digitization practitioners and scholars that genuine democratization occurs when technology drives institutional transformation.
Procurement Liberation: How School Districts are Cutting 47% of Purchasing Waste by 2025 Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November
Publisher : PT. Maju Malaqbi Makkarana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/ecbis.v4i1.240

Abstract

A mid-sized school district could achieve annual savings of $2.3 million—sufficient to support significant teacher salary increases—by streamlining procurement processes and reducing the number of suppliers from 87 to 12. This practical success reflects the operational rigor of enterprise models, exemplified by Walmart Business, which has been successfully tailored for K-12 education. The study indicates a systemic crisis. Sixty-eight percent of U.S. districts experience a 19% loss of their non-payroll budgets due to procurement inefficiencies, resulting in significant financial losses for classrooms attributed to fragmented purchasing and compliance deficiencies. The study employs a rigorous mixed-methods analysis, incorporating in-depth case studies from 35 districts, a national survey of 300 procurement officers, and comprehensive spend analytics, to illustrate the transformative outcomes associated with enhanced procurement maturity. Consolidated purchasing platforms reduce processing costs by 53% and capture 92% of rebates. Additionally, the new Procurement Simplicity Scorecard predicts 79% efficiency gains, offering leaders a practical diagnostic tool. This study presents two validated innovations: the K-12 Procurement Maturity Model, which delineates a phased progression from fragmentation to strategic excellence, and the Zero-Waste Playbook, which details tactical measures for waste elimination. The evidence indicates that reengineering procurement is not merely an administrative concern; it represents a significant, frequently neglected mechanism for generating billions in savings by 2025. These funds have the potential to enhance arts programs, update outdated STEM laboratories, and recruit and retain high-quality educators. This research offers a definitive framework for districts aiming to transform waste into opportunities for equity.
Systematic Analysis of IoT, AI, Active Packaging, and Blockchain for Food Waste Reduction across the Farm-to-Fork Supply Chain Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
International Journal of Management Science and Application Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): IJMSA
Publisher : Sultan Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58291/ijmsa.v4i2.441

Abstract

Global food waste (1.3 billion tons per year) is a major economic and environmental issue, contributing considerably to cash losses and greenhouse gas emissions. This study assesses the efficacy, limitations, and integration potential of four Industry 4.0 technologies—IoT sensors, AI/ML algorithms, advanced active packaging, and blockchain traceability—for waste reduction at key food supply chain stages (production, logistics, retail, and consumption). We show that each technology has different waste reduction advantages using a rigorous literature synthesis (2020-2025), techno-economic evaluation, and environmental impact analysis. Crucially, coordinated deployment unleashes synergistic potential, resulting in considerably larger systemic waste reduction than standalone applications. However, fulfilling this promise requires overcoming long-standing obstacles such as implementation costs, data needs, recyclability issues, and energy usage. The results highlight the need for coordinated policy frameworks that promote interoperable technology, standardized data protocols, and circular design principles. This study outlines a systematic approach for changing food waste from a systemic failure to a controllable engineering issue, resulting in more resilient and efficient food systems.
The AI Co-pilot: Navigating Market Turbulence and Charting a Course for Sustainable Advantage Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
International Journal of Management Science and Application Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): IJMSA
Publisher : Sultan Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58291/ijmsa.v4i2.442

Abstract

This study addresses the gap in frameworks for effective human-AI collaboration in strategic decision-making during turbulent market conditions. Using a mixed-methods approach (longitudinal case studies in manufacturing, finance, and logistics; large-scale executive surveys; computational simulations), we empirically evaluate the "AI co-pilot" model, where AI augments human strategic cognition. Results show AI co-pilots improve market disruption prediction accuracy by 30-50% and reduce strategic response latency. However, these benefits critically depend on governance frameworks ensuring algorithmic accountability, dynamic trust calibration, and human agency preservation. Case studies (e.g., AI-enabled semiconductor shortage detection enabling proactive diversification) demonstrate value, while instances of algorithmic opacity highlight the necessity of human oversight. Maintaining competitive advantage requires interfaces ("algorithmic diplomacy"), balancing AI's computational power with human judgment, wisdom, and ethics. Organizations achieving this symbiosis gain superior resilience, transforming volatility into adaptive innovation opportunities.