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Bridging The Digital-Physical Divide: Transfer Learning For Unified Threat Correlation in Converged IT/OT/IOT Ecosystems Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS) Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): September
Publisher : PT. Maju Malaqbi Makkarana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/ecbis.v3i6.231

Abstract

The increased integration of operational technology (OT), Internet of Things (IoT), and business IT systems has allowed sophisticated attackers to circumvent isolated security features and launch cross-platform assaults. Current fragmented techniques, with discrete detectors monitoring Modbus, Kubernetes, MQTT, or other domain-specific protocols, cannot handle cross-system risks. These methodologies overlook 68% of multi-vector marketing that uses both physical and digital channels. This study introduces a transfer learning architecture to integrate detection capabilities by correlating threats across protocols, devices, and settings. The architecture generates a unified feature space that extracts behavioral semantics from industrial control system logs, cloud telemetry, network traffic, and device-level signals to produce protocol-agnostic threat representations. Adversarial domain adaptation and semantic graph embeddings enable cross-domain knowledge transfer with minimum retraining. Security teams may now discover kill chains like infected cloud containers preceding illegal PLC command execution every 23 minutes. Validated against real-world attack datasets from water treatment facilities (OT) and cloud infrastructure (IT), the system achieved 93.4% cross-platform attack recall, a 41.3 percentage point improvement over prior methodologies. It reduced OT data labeling by 89% and false positives by 93.5%. This paradigm shift transforms threat correlation from a reactive, domain-specific process to adaptive intelligence, boosting resilience for critical infrastructure, industrial ecosystems, and smart environments facing cyber-physical hazards. The framework's practical validation in energy, industry, and vital infrastructure shows its importance in protecting an increasingly linked world.
Beyond The Hype: a Real World Evaluation of Blockchain's Role in Democratizing Agri Food Systems Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS) Vol. 3 No. 6 (2025): September
Publisher : PT. Maju Malaqbi Makkarana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/ecbis.v3i6.232

Abstract

Blockchain technology is touted for democratizing supply chains, but 30–40% of smallholder farmers are excluded from fair market participation due to information gaps and power imbalances. The first complete empirical examination of blockchain's capacity to empower disadvantaged farmers in Global South agri-food systems. The paper examines 15 large-scale implementations, including Kenyan coffee cooperatives and Indian dairy collectives, using a rigorous mixed-methods methodology. Technical scalability in resource-limited situations, governance structures that promote meaningful multi-stakeholder engagement, and quantifiable inclusion results for small-scale farmers are thoroughly examined. Comparative case study, agent-based adoption modeling, and quasi-experimental effect evaluation by Propensity Score matching reveal that blockchain's potential is not automatic nor inherent in eight nations. Techno-institutional synergy, not technological complexity, improves democracy, the research shows. Hybrid governance systems with farmer-controlled validator nodes and tokenized decision-making rights enhanced smallholder involvement by 58% and premium retention by 78% over corporate-controlled systems. However, technologically sophisticated deployments without institutional expertise frequently increase power concentration and exclusion. The blockchain viability index helps identify optimal deployment conditions for different commodities, empirical evidence challenges the idea that decentralization automatically promotes inclusion, and the inclusion-by-design framework helps policymakers embed equitable principles into decentralized agri-tech from the start. This study shows food system digitization practitioners and scholars that genuine democratization occurs when technology drives institutional transformation.
Procurement Liberation: How School Districts are Cutting 47% of Purchasing Waste by 2025 Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS) Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): November
Publisher : PT. Maju Malaqbi Makkarana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/ecbis.v4i1.240

Abstract

A mid-sized school district could achieve annual savings of $2.3 million—sufficient to support significant teacher salary increases—by streamlining procurement processes and reducing the number of suppliers from 87 to 12. This practical success reflects the operational rigor of enterprise models, exemplified by Walmart Business, which has been successfully tailored for K-12 education. The study indicates a systemic crisis. Sixty-eight percent of U.S. districts experience a 19% loss of their non-payroll budgets due to procurement inefficiencies, resulting in significant financial losses for classrooms attributed to fragmented purchasing and compliance deficiencies. The study employs a rigorous mixed-methods analysis, incorporating in-depth case studies from 35 districts, a national survey of 300 procurement officers, and comprehensive spend analytics, to illustrate the transformative outcomes associated with enhanced procurement maturity. Consolidated purchasing platforms reduce processing costs by 53% and capture 92% of rebates. Additionally, the new Procurement Simplicity Scorecard predicts 79% efficiency gains, offering leaders a practical diagnostic tool. This study presents two validated innovations: the K-12 Procurement Maturity Model, which delineates a phased progression from fragmentation to strategic excellence, and the Zero-Waste Playbook, which details tactical measures for waste elimination. The evidence indicates that reengineering procurement is not merely an administrative concern; it represents a significant, frequently neglected mechanism for generating billions in savings by 2025. These funds have the potential to enhance arts programs, update outdated STEM laboratories, and recruit and retain high-quality educators. This research offers a definitive framework for districts aiming to transform waste into opportunities for equity.
Synergizing Sustainability: Integrated Demand-Supply Strategies for Resilient Retail, Transport, and Logistics Systems Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy; Dzreke, Semefa Elikplim
Maroon Journal De Management Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Maroon Journal De Management (MJDM)
Publisher : Generasi Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37899/mjdm.v3i1.302

Abstract

Global supply chains confront existential threats from climate volatility manifest in port-crippling storms and agricultural collapse and chronic disruptions spanning pandemics to geopolitical fragmentation, exposing the fragility of efficiency-optimized models. This research pioneers integrated computational frameworks that transcend disciplinary silos to synchronize environmental sustainability with operational resilience across retail, transport, and logistics ecosystems. Multi-method analysis combining Life Cycle Assessment, Agent-Based Modelling, and policy scenario testing demonstrates that harmonized demand-supply coordination consistently outperforms isolated interventions. Synchronized demand shaping (e.g., AI-facilitated circular consumption) and regionalized supply redesign (e.g., micro-factories) reduce end-to-end emissions by 30–40%, while dynamic AI routing cuts logistics costs by 22% during severe disruptions. Integrating policy instruments like harmonized carbon accounting amplifies stakeholder ROI by 2.8× versus fragmented approaches. The framework empowers industry and policymakers to co-optimize decarbonization and disruption preparedness, transforming brittle networks into adaptive, low-carbon value chains resilient to systemic shocks a strategic imperative beyond incremental adjustment.
Beyond Cost Control: How AI-Powered Spend Orchestration Unlocks 7.3% Growth Premiums in 2025 Dzreke, Simon Suwanzy
Economics and Business Journal (ECBIS) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): In Press
Publisher : PT. Maju Malaqbi Makkarana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47353/ecbis.v4i3.239

Abstract

In an uncertain economic climate, a large global retailer used AI-powered spend intelligence to move $220 million from indirect operational costs toward high-impact R&D. In a difficult recession, this decisive step boosted revenue by 11%, demonstrating the transformative impact of effective capital management. This achievement contrasts with "spend blindness," where industry studies show most financial leaders struggle to link expenditure patterns to strategic growth outcomes and resort to reactive cost-cutting. This study addresses this crucial gap. A thorough mixed-methods approach including a global survey of 400 CFOs, longitudinal case studies of ten multinational organizations, and advanced predictive modeling substantiated a new paradigm. Research shows that companies that understand AI-driven spend orchestration develop 7.3% faster than competitors. This premium comes from a 37% improvement in the Growth Efficiency Ratio (GER), a critical statistic for translating savings into innovation, and 5.8 times more strategic investment opportunities than standard financial approaches allow. The Spend Intelligence Quotient (SIQ), a groundbreaking statistic that assesses financial agility through integrated spend monitoring, predictive analytics, and rapid capital reallocation, is key to this advantage. This paper introduces the empirically based Spend Orchestration Framework and the requirements for the 2025 AI Finance Stack to obtain SIQ >80, the empirically proven threshold for sustainable competitive advantage. The message is clear: finance chiefs must go beyond oversight. Today's CFO may use predictive contracting and algorithmic governance to turn spend data into strategic leverage, ensure resilience, and capture disproportionate value in.