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All Journal Journal of Engineering Researcher and Lecturer Innovation in Engineering
Macas, Allain Jessel
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Education Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Automated drip rate monitoring and control system for intravenous fluids of varying viscosities Suarez, Justin; Macas, Allain Jessel
Journal of Engineering Researcher and Lecturer Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): Regular Issue
Publisher : Researcher and Lecturer Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58712/jerel.v4i3.192

Abstract

Nurses play an essential role in society by advocating for health promotion, educating the public and patients on injury and sickness prevention, engaging in rehabilitation, and giving care and support. However, increasing patient loads significantly affect nurses’ available time for critical tasks, such as monitoring intravenous (IV) fluid flow. The accuracy of IV administration can also be affected by the viscosity of the infused fluid, making precise drip rate control challenging. This study aims to develop a cost-effective IV fluid monitoring and flow rate control device using a Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller board. The device would enable nurses to monitor and control the IV drip rate accurately and easily. The accuracy of a prototype sensor for measuring drip rates in different fluids with varying viscosities is evaluated through comparison with a manual method. The results indicate that the experimental method shows good agreement and accuracy compared to the manual method, with minor biases and acceptable ranges of differences. Control charts demonstrate higher precision in the experimental method, indicating stable and consistent measurements. Overall, the findings suggest that the prototype is effective in measuring drip rates and has potential for drip rate monitoring applications. The prototype demonstrated excellent performance in handling fluids of varying viscosities, surpassing 85%. The average percentage errors were 7.5% for Sodium Chloride, 7.67% for Hetastarch, and 8.09% for fresh milk. The prototype demonstrates the ability to enhance safety and precision in IV infusions.
Design and development of a PID-controlled home air quality monitoring and purification system Salas, Josamae; Macas, Allain Jessel
Innovation in Engineering Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Regular Issue
Publisher : Researcher and Lecturer Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58712/ie.v2i2.38

Abstract

Asthma continues to be a major health concern in the Philippines, with about one in ten people living with the condition. Among its common triggers are fine airborne particles such as PM2.5 and PM10, which can easily aggravate symptoms and affect day-to-day living. In response to this problem, we developed a home-based air quality management system intended to help individuals with asthma maintain safer indoor conditions. The system was equipped with a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, which allowed the purifier to respond more intelligently by tracking air quality in real time and adjusting its operation before conditions became unsafe. To test this feature, we set up a prototype in a bedroom and introduced small amounts of smoke to simulate pollution. In both setups—one with PID control and one without—the purifier successfully reduced particle levels and brought the Air Quality Index (AQI) back to its baseline of 79–81. The key difference, however, was that the PID-controlled system reacted ahead of time, activating the purifier before the thresholds were crossed. This shortened the period of exposure to poor air quality and produced more stable results overall. These findings demonstrate that incorporating a PID controller can enhance the reliability and effectiveness of home-based air purifiers, providing practical support for individuals managing asthma at home.
Co-Authors Salas, Josamae Suarez, Justin