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MEMBANGUN PARIWISATA KOLABORATIF: PERAN AKTOR PENTAHELIX DI NAGARI GANGGO MUDIAK Anugrah, Bella Yulia; Erwin, Erwin; Syahrizal, Syahrizal
Kepariwisataan: Jurnal Ilmiah Vol 19, No 3 (2025): Kepariwisataan: Jurnal Ilmiah
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47256/kji.v19i3.867

Abstract

The development of tourism based on the Pentahelix model requires effective collaboration among five key actors: government, academics, business, community, and media. This study explores how these actors contribute to the tourism development of Nagari Ganggo Mudiak, a village in West Sumatra known for its historical and geographical significance, particularly the Equator Monument area. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings show that while the government plays a dominant role in infrastructure development, the involvement of other actors remains limited and fragmented. Academics are present through research but lack implementation roles. Local businesses operate independently without structured partnerships, and community participation has declined due to the absence of inclusive decision-making mechanisms. The media's role is also sporadic and uncoordinated. This study concludes that the Pentahelix collaboration in Ganggo Mudiak is still symbolic rather than integrative. Strengthening coordination, participatory mechanisms, and contextualizing development within local cultural values are crucial for achieving sustainable and inclusive tourism.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA NYARAI, KABUPATEN PADANG PARIAMAN Nabillah, Reghina Putri; Erwin, Erwin; Analia, Devi
Kepariwisataan: Jurnal Ilmiah Vol 19, No 3 (2025): Kepariwisataan: Jurnal Ilmiah
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47256/kji.v19i3.888

Abstract

ABSTRACTCommunity-based tourism development is a vital strategy to enhance community welfare while preserving natural resources and local cultural heritage. Nyarai Tourism Village in Padang Pariaman Regency is widely recognized for its ecotourism potential and has received numerous awards at provincial, national, and international levels. Nevertheless, its development still faces challenges, particularly related to human resource capacity, coordination among stakeholders, and the sustainability of community participation. This study aims to identify the tourism potential and attractions of Nyarai Tourism Village and to analyze the forms, levels, and stages of community participation in its development. A mixed methods approach was employed, involving participatory observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and Likert-scale questionnaires. Informants included Pokdarwis administrators, community business groups, traditional leaders, youth, MSME actors, and government officials. Quantitative analysis shows that the level of community participation is categorized as high, with an average score of 236.7, indicating strong involvement across planning, implementation, utilization, and evaluation stages. Qualitative analysis further reveals that participation is influenced by local social cohesion, customary values, leadership roles, and economic motivations, referring to Cohen & Uphoff’s participation theory and the concept of community empowerment. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of tourism potential, community contributions, and both driving and inhibiting factors, serving as a basis for strengthening local capacity, enhancing stakeholder collaboration, and promoting sustainable community-based tourism development.Keywords:       Tourism Attraction Potential; Community Participation; Tourism Village Development ABSTRAKPengembangan desa wisata berbasis komunitas menjadi strategi penting untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat sekaligus menjaga kelestarian lingkungan alam dan budaya lokal. Desa Wisata Nyarai di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman telah dikenal luas dengan potensi ekowisata dan memperoleh berbagai penghargaan di tingkat provinsi, nasional, hingga internasional. Meskipun demikian, pengembangannya masih menghadapi sejumlah tantangan, antara lain keterbatasan kualitas sumber daya manusia, lemahnya koordinasi antaraktor, serta keberlanjutan partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi dan daya tarik wisata Desa Wisata Nyarai serta menganalisis bentuk, tingkat, dan tahapan partisipasi masyarakat dalam proses pengembangannya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan penyebaran kuesioner skala Likert. Informan penelitian meliputi pengurus Pokdarwis, kelompok usaha masyarakat, tokoh adat, pemuda, pelaku UMKM, dan pejabat dinas terkait. Hasil analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat berada pada kategori tinggi dengan nilai rata-rata skor sebesar 236,7, yang mencerminkan keterlibatan aktif masyarakat pada tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pemanfaatan, dan evaluasi. Analisis kualitatif mengungkap bahwa partisipasi tersebut dipengaruhi oleh ikatan sosial masyarakat, nilai adat, peran kepemimpinan lokal, serta motivasi ekonomi, dengan merujuk pada teori partisipasi Cohen & Uphoff dan konsep pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran komprehensif mengenai potensi wisata, kontribusi masyarakat, serta faktor pendorong dan penghambat, sebagai dasar perumusan strategi penguatan kapasitas lokal dan pembangunan desa wisata berkelanjutan berbasis komunitas masyarakat, serta faktor pendorong dan penghambat, sebagai dasar strategi pembangunan destinasi berkelanjutan berbasis komunitas.Kata kunci:       Daya Tarik Potensi Wisata; Partisipasi Masyarakat; Pengembangan Desa Wisata