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All Journal Ulumuna Millah: Journal of Religious Studies
Mukhitdinov, Rashid
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Arts Humanities Education Social Sciences

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The Formation and Evolution of Islamic Studies Educational Program in Kazakhstan through the Integration of Local Culture and Secular Principles Mustafayeva, Anar; Kaliyeva, Shynar; Mukhitdinov, Rashid; Paltore, Yktiyar
Ulumuna Vol 29 No 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/ujis.v29i1.1458

Abstract

Kazakhstan, after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the acquisition of independence, chose a secular path in religion after seventy years of atheism. The state adopted a secular direction, but society, consisting of a Muslim-majority population, began a natural process of cultural revival – language, history, religion, and traditions – restoring religious values. Islamic education became a way of religious revival, based not only on Islam but also on local culture and Kazakhstan’s policy on religion. Higher Islamic education in Kazakhstan became part of bachelor’s, Master’s, and doctoral programs (PhD) in Islamic studies. This article examines the formation and development of higher Islamic education in Kazakhstan through the example of the only Islamic university. Quantitative and qualitative indicators from the analysis of the educational program, showing a balance between Islamic, secular, and Kazakh culture-related disciplines, emphasize the possibility of development in this direction, adhering to Islam, secularism, and culture.
Islam in Xinjiang: Geopolitical and Ethnocultural Drivers of Social and Cultural Formation Makhmet, Muratkhan; Yerzhan, Kalmakhan; Mukhitdinov, Rashid; Kaliyev, Kaskyrbek; Kamysbek , Ularbek
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 25, No. 1, February 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol25.iss1.art3

Abstract

This article analyzes the main geopolitical and ethnocultural factors that influenced the spread and social embedding of Islam in Xinjiang (also referred to in some historical usages as East Turkestan). To address the recurrent mismatch between region-wide claims and community-specific evidence, the study adopts an explicitly comparative lens: it draws on the substantial English-language scholarship on Uyghur religious history and authority formation, while also integrating Kazakh- and Russian-language historiography and regional publications on Kazakh communities in Xinjiang as an analytically important minority case. Using a historical-comparative design complemented by geopolitical analysis and content analysis, the article applies a four-phase periodization and examines each phase through common explanatory lenses: (1) geopolitical setting and external linkages, (2) political power and elite incentives, (3) religious authority networks and institutions (including Sufi lineages), and (4) ethnocultural boundary-making and cultural production. The findings support a multi-driver account of Islamization in which connectivity, elite sponsorship, and authority infrastructures interact, with driver salience shifting across historical phases. By reducing language segmentation in the field and distinguishing majority (Uyghur) and minority (Kazakh) configurations, the study offers a mechanism-oriented synthesis and identifies priorities for future comparative research on Islam, ethnicity, and governance in Xinjiang.
Co-Authors Kaliyev, Kaskyrbek Kaliyeva, Shynar Kamysbek , Ularbek Makhmet, Muratkhan Mustafayeva, Anar Paltore, Yktiyar Yerzhan, Kalmakhan