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All Journal Millah: Journal of Religious Studies
P. Rameli, Mohd Faizal
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Religion

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The Concept of Moral Education for University Students: A Study of al-Buzaidi’s Book al-Adab al-Mardhiyyah Zainal Abidin, Muhammad Hosnee; Surtahman, Asma' Wardah; P. Rameli, Mohd Faizal; Johari, Muhd Khudri
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 24, No. 2, August 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol24.iss2.ar7

Abstract

Moral excellence (akhlak) holds paramount significance in Islam, serving as the criterion for a Muslim’s standing before Allah. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized the importance of benevolence and deeds over outward appearances, highlighting the inseparable connection between ethical conduct and spiritual integrity. Despite this high regard for moral virtues, embodying them remains a significant challenge for Muslim youth, particularly among university students. The era of globalization, coupled with the pervasive influence of social media and mass media, often exerts a detrimental impact on adolescents, contributing to a pressing concern over behavioral misconduct issues within higher education institutions. This study examines the concept of moral education for university students by analyzing Al-Buzaidi’s book, Al-Adab Al-Mardhiyyah. This research aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the principles of moral excellence as a guide for contemporary challenges faced by young Muslims in a university setting.
Critical Factors in Developing Asnaf Faqir’s Career Path According to Al-Ghazali Akbar, Abdul Azim; P. Rameli, Mohd Faizal; Mohd Nor, Ahmad Rosli; Johari, Muhd Khudri
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 23, No. 1, February 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol23.iss1.art13

Abstract

Asnaf Faqir refers to a group of indigent people who have no source of income, possess neither property or material of their own, and they earn less than 50 percent of their own and their dependents’ basic necessities in life. This study was conducted to identify the indicators that can be used to steadily empower destitute people based on Imam Al-Ghazali’s thoughts and views. The subsequent findings produced a basic framework for the formation of Asnaf Faqir’s career path, based on the concept of spirituality. This qualitative study used library methods for the data collection. The data for this study were collected through various documents and manuscripts, including the Holy Quran, Books of Hadith, Al-Ghazali’s works, journal articles, and others. The data for this study were analyzed deductively and inductively to extract basic spiritual principles related to career paths, as suggested by Al-Ghazali. This study shows that the elements of al-Ruh, al-Insan, al-‘Aql, al-Qalb and al-Jasad of humans are important in shaping the career path of Asnaf Faqir. These five elements were found to be critical factors in fulfilling the planning, exploration, gathering of information, and determination of the career path of Asnaf Faqir as entrepreneurs or skilled workers.
The Development of the Iqrak Model Based on Al-Ghazali’s Philosophy in Teaching and Learning Among SRAJAIM Teachers in the 21st Century Mohamad Rohana, Noor Aziera; Surtahman, Asma’ Wardah; P. Rameli, Mohd Faizal; Abdul Razak, Abdul Qayuum; Halim, Faiqah Hafidzah; Johari, Muhd Khudri
Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Vol. 25, No. 1, February 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Agama Islam Program Magister, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/millah.vol25.iss1.art7

Abstract

Education is a key factor in strengthening the direction of a civilisation, and in Malaysia, its implementation is based on the National Education Philosophy (NEP). The 21st-century education emphasizes knowledge delivery, innovation, technological competence and the holistic and integrated development of human capital. Teaching and learning (T&L) conducted by teachers at Religious Primary Schools (SRA) under the supervision of the Melaka Islamic Religious Department (JAIM) follows the curriculum of the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM). However, research on the development of contemporary pedagogical methods remains limited. This study identifies the key elements contributing to the effectiveness of teaching and learning among SRAJAIM teachers based on Al-Ghazali’s educational principles, which emphasize the balance between character, knowledge and practice, and develops a context-appropriate T&L model. The qualitative study employed literature review and focus group discussions (FGD) involving approximately 40 informants, with data analysed using NVivo software. The findings indicate that the T&L practices of SRAJAIM teachers are consistent with the NEP, particularly with regard to lifelong learning and holistic integrated approaches. Accordingly, the IQRAK Model was developed as a novel contribution and represents the first structured T&L model specifically designed and implemented within the JAIM education system to strengthen human capital development in a holistic and balanced manner.
Co-Authors Abdul Razak, Abdul Qayuum Akbar, Abdul Azim Halim, Faiqah Hafidzah Johari, Muhd Khudri Mohamad Rohana, Noor Aziera Mohd Nor, Ahmad Rosli Surtahman, Asma' Wardah Surtahman, Asma’ Wardah Zainal Abidin, Muhammad Hosnee