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All Journal JURNAL FARMASIMED (JFM) Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi
Muhammad Fauzan Lubis
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Medicine & Pharmacology Other

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IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA FISHER-YATES SHUFFLE PADA SISTEM UJIAN ONLINE BERBASIS WEBSITE DI SMP SWASTA IR. H. DJUANDA TEBING TINGGI Muhammad Fauzan Lubis; Antoni; Rachmat Aulia
Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi Vol. 2 No. 9 (2025): Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi (Edisi September 2025)
Publisher : PT. Hasba Edukasi Mandiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.71282/jurmie.v2i9.968

Abstract

Digital transformation in education has been rapidly advancing, particularly in online exam systems implemented at SMP Swasta Ir. H. Djuanda Tebing Tinggi. One of the main challenges in online exams is the potential for cheating, which can arise due to the identical order of questions among participants. To address this issue, this research implements the Fisher-Yates Shuffle algorithm, aimed at randomizing the order of questions and answers in a fair and consistent manner. The results show that the implementation of this algorithm reduces the possibility of collusion and cheating among students. The online exam system developed using PHP, MySQL, and XAMPP successfully enhances fairness in the exam, ensuring that each student receives a different question order. This study contributes to the development of a fairer and more efficient online exam system, while also improving the student user experience.
Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Annona Muricata L. Leaf as Antimicrobial Husna Humaira; Juwita, Nur Aira; Muhammad Fauzan Lubis
Jurnal FARMASIMED (JFM) Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Farmasimed (JFM)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Institut Kesehatan Medistra Lubuk Pakam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35451/661yzr29

Abstract

Nanotechnology enables the development of materials at the nanometer scale (1–100 nm) with unique physicochemical properties relevant to pharmaceutical applications. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have attracted significant interest due to their semiconductor properties, high catalytic activity, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial potential. However, conventional chemical and physical synthesis methods are often energy-intensive and involve hazardous reagents, necessitating environmentally friendly alternatives. This study aimed to synthesize ZnO NPs via a green biosynthesis approach using Annona muricata L. leaf extract as a natural reducing and stabilizing agent, and to evaluate their physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity. The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized using UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX), particle size analysis (PSA), zeta potential analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results confirmed the successful formation of ZnO NPs with a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure and an average crystallite size of 26.43 nm. The average hydrodynamic diameter was 489.3 nm, and a zeta potential value of −18.1 mV indicated moderate colloidal stability. DSC analysis revealed endothermic peaks at 162.40 °C and 275.38 °C, corresponding to the removal of residual organic compounds from the plant extract. Antimicrobial evaluation using the disk diffusion method demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans, with the highest inhibition observed at 25 µg/mL. Overall, these findings indicate that ZnO NPs biosynthesized using A. muricata leaf extract possess promising potential as eco-friendly antimicrobial agents for pharmaceutical applications.
Co-Authors Antoni Husna Humaira Juwita, Nur Aira Rachmat Aulia, Rachmat