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All Journal Passage Journal of Language, Literature, and Teaching
Pandapatan, Alican Mendez
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Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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(De)construction of women’s images in select literary pieces of (her)stories in Southeast Asia Pandapatan, Alican Mendez
Passage: Journal of English Language and Literature Vol 13, No 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Passage: Journal of English Language and Literature

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/psg.v13i1.80082

Abstract

Feminism draws attention to advancing women’s rights and socio-economic development, more specifically, to obtain equality. However, this movement to exalt women’s status is lacking in the experience of Southeast Asia (SEA) women. This study looks into the construction of women in selected short stories. The study design is qualitative within a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of Norman Fairclough. To dissect the data, a literary analysis of the literary elements of short stories is the first step which directs its focus on women. Second, the women’s image is constructed or deconstructed based on decolonial feminism. A decision method framework was created to construct the characters in the herstories and if there is a need to deconstruct due to misrepresentation. It is revealed that the experiences of these women narrate the condition they live in. It is also seen that image is constructed when the description and feminist perspectives (general feminism and Decolonial feminism) are similar, meanwhile, when it opposes, a deconstruction based on decolonial feminism is required. The study has limitations on the sample literary pieces studied and does not generally scope the overall SEA society, therefore, further studies on literary pieces or genres representing all the SEA nations can provide a deeper exploration of this topic.
A DESCRIPTIVE COMPARISON OF LANGUAGE POLICIES USING COBARRUBIAS’ LANGUAGE IDEOLOGIES: THE CASE OF SINGAPORE AND TIMOR-LESTE Pandapatan, Alican Mendez
Journal of Language, Literature and Teaching Vol 7, No 3 (2026): DECEMBER - MARCH 2026
Publisher : Journal of Language, Literature and Teaching

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35529/jllte.v7i3.269-284

Abstract

Language policy is mediated by the socio-politico-historical background of the society. It directs people to integrate and unify themselves to the vision of the governments towards progress, which includes education per se. This study compared Singapore and Timor-Leste, with quite similar backgrounds yet different implementation of policies as a result of each nation’s linguistic ideologies. A qualitative comparative design was employed in this study, using Cobarrubias’ Language Ideologies as a framework for comparison. Secondary materials are resourced as data. It is revealed the ideological concepts in the studied nations. In linguistic assimilation, Singapore did not employ the assimilation except for certain provisions in the government, and Timor-Leste had to assimilate minor languages due to the stronghold of dominant languages. For vernacularization, Singapore is accommodative to all linguistic groups, and Timor-Leste is fragmented to its bilingual approach. For linguistic pluralism, Singapore justifies an equitable response to the multilingual condition because of fewer languages, and all of these are dominant languages. Meanwhile, Timor-Leste is balancing the languages by strengthening the official languages and preserving the minor languages. In internationalization, both countries recognize the importance of foreign language in their constitution to advance internationalization and incorporate development through glocalization. It appears that Singapore has more of an advantage in comparison, probably due to discovering a suitable language policy that addresses the needs of the nation. On the other hand, Timor-Leste as a young nation is critically strategizing the best policy it could have. Perhaps, one nation can learn from another’s struggles as a benchmark. Certainly, no framework could be utilized in making perfect language policy because it is formed based on the nation’s social, political, and historical background.
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