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Mahendro, Della
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Health Professions

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Penggunaan Collagen Stimulator di Bidang Estetika: Analisis Mahendro, Della
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 10 (2025): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i10.1088

Abstract

Aging is a life cycle stages accompanied by physiological and anatomical changes as biological aging process. Various methods of prevention and management are used to reduce the appearance of facial aging, among others is minimally invasive procedure. Dermal fillers or soft tissue fillers are one of the minimally invasive procedures aimed at restoring facial volume and augmenting specifc areas. Dermal fillers are divided into two categories, non-biodegradable and biodegradable. Biodegradable fillers are known as collagen stimulators.The use of collagen stimulators such as polycaprolactone (PCL), calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHa), and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) is increasingly popular due to their ability to stimulate natural collagen production, resulting in long-lasting and natural-looking outcomes. Each type has unique characteristics, indications, and injection techniques, making product and method selection important for optimal patient results. Side efects such as edema, nodules, or infammatory reactions can be minimized with proper technique and administration by trained medical professionals. With advances in technology and improved understanding, collagen stimulators have become an efective solution for soft tissue rejuvenation and augmentation in aesthetic practice.
Terapi Penggantian Testosterone pada Hipogonadisme Onset Lambat: Tinjauan Pustaka Mahendro, Della
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 53 No 01 (2026): Kedokteran Umum
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v53i01.1654

Abstract

Testosterone is a sex hormone that plays a critical role in various physiological functions in men, including regulating libido, muscle mass, fat composition, and bone health. Late-onset hypogonadism, which commonly occurs in older men, reflects age-related declines in testosterone levels and can be associated with chronic disease and adiposity. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation, including clinical symptoms and repeated morning serum testosterone levels. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is a common treatment approach for symptomatichypogonadism, with dosage options including oral, intramuscular, transdermal, subdermal, and nasal. However, TRT has contraindications, particularly in men with active prostate cancer, high hematocrit, or certain cardiovascular diseases. Appropriate monitoring of therapy is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy, optimize dosage, and detect side effects such as polycythemia or elevated PSA. The primary goal of TRT in men with testosterone deficiency is to restore testosterone levels to the physiological range to improve sexual function, muscle strength, and quality of life in men with hypogonadism.
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