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Pratheesh. P
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Humanities Social Sciences

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Decolonizing the Divine: The Jurisprudence of Inner Sovereignty (Sree Narayana Guru’s Temple Reform as Constitutional Praxis) Pratheesh. P; Saritha S. R
HISTORICAL: Journal of History and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025): History and Cultural Innovation
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58355/historical.v4i3.199

Abstract

This article examines the ritual and symbolic interventions of Sree Narayana Guru as transformative acts that redefined the relationship between religion, society, and justice in early twentieth-century Kerala. Guru’s consecration of alternative idols, his opening of temples to marginalized communities, and his embedding of civic virtues within ritual life challenged the Brahminical monopoly over sacred authority and offered an ethical framework grounded in equality and dignity. While these reforms are often interpreted within the regional context of Kerala’s caste struggles, this study situates them within a broader global history of ritual reform. Comparisons are drawn with Martin Luther’s Protestant Reformation in Europe, the Buddhist rejection of Brahminical ritualism in ancient India, the role of Latin American Liberation Theology, and South African churches under apartheid. Through these parallels, the article highlights the universal struggle to reclaim sacred spaces from exclusionary practices and to transform them into platforms for emancipation. The analysis also brings Guru into conversation with decolonial theory and constitutional morality. His praxis anticipates Boaventura de Sousa Santos’s Epistemologies of the South and resonates with global debates on gender inclusion, education, and social justice. Contemporary issues such as caste inequality, the Sabarimala case, India’s National Education Policy, and diaspora temple practices demonstrate the enduring relevance of Guru’s vision. By placing his reforms in a transnational frame, the article argues that Guru’s interventions represent not only a milestone in Kerala’s social history but also a contribution to global conversations on ritual, justice, and decolonial futures.
Peripheral Industrialization and Colonial Modernity: Coir Industry, Labour and Urban Transformation in Alappuzha Pratheesh. P
HISTORICAL: Journal of History and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): History and Cultural Innovation
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58355/historical.v4i4.223

Abstract

This study examines the socio-economic and spatial transformation of Alappuzha (Alleppey) as the center of Travancore’s coir industry under late colonial rule, situating it within debates on peripheral industrialization and colonial modernity. Drawing on archival records, trade reports, and oral testimonies, the article demonstrates that Alappuzha developed as a hybrid industrial town where artisanal skill and household-based labour were integrated into factory production and global markets. The findings highlight three key dynamics. First, coir production evolved through a dual structure that combined mechanized factory units with expansive domestic spinning, sustained largely by women from marginalized castes. Second, this labour regime not only reproduced caste and gender hierarchies but also catalyzed new forms of worker mobilization, exemplified by the Travancore Labour Association, which linked industrial conflict to wider social reform movements. Third, the town’s spatial organization—rope-yards, canals, worker colonies, and merchant godowns— reflected a colonial-imperial logic that intertwined trade efficiency with social regulation, producing a distinctive form of industrial urbanism. By foregrounding the intersection of labour, caste, gender, and space, the study contributes to comparative histories of industrial peripheries, showing how Alappuzha’s coir industry exemplifies both the possibilities and contradictions of colonial industrialization in South Asia.
Co-Authors Saritha S. R