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All Journal JGMDS Edulaw : Journal of Islamic Law and Yurisprudance
Okolie, Enright Que
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Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Key Issues in Addressing Trafficking in Women and Children in Nigeria Okoye, Chioma Okeoma; Okolie, Enright Que; Abonyi, Anslem Uchechukwu
Journal of Gender and Millennium Development Studies Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025): JGMDS, Volume 2, Issue 1 (2025): May-October Period
Publisher : Academia Edu Cendekia Indonesia (AEDUCIA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64420/jgmds.v2i1.166

Abstract

Background: Human trafficking, particularly involving women and children, remains a pervasive and deeply rooted issue in Nigeria. Despite existing laws and interventions, systemic weaknesses continue to hinder effective responses to trafficking. Objective: This study examines the key socio-economic, legal, and institutional challenges that impede efforts to combat human trafficking in Nigeria, with a focus on women and children. Method: A qualitative research approach was adopted, utilizing document analysis. Data were drawn from policy documents, official reports, and academic literature. Sources included government agencies, international organizations, and non-governmental organizations. The data were analyzed using a thematic review framework to ensure depth and integrity. Result: The study found that corruption, official complicity, and poor law enforcement are major obstacles to anti-trafficking initiatives. Other contributing factors include inadequate victim support systems, social stigma, cultural barriers, legal loopholes, and weak border control. Socioeconomic drivers such as poverty and unemployment further increase vulnerability to trafficking. Additionally, the misuse of technology has facilitated more complex trafficking networks, while limited international cooperation and insufficient funding continue to undermine progress. Conclusion: Combating human trafficking in Nigeria requires comprehensive legal reform, stronger institutional accountability, enhanced support for victims, robust public awareness campaigns, and greater international collaboration. A coordinated and sustainable national strategy is essential to address the multifaceted nature of the problem. Contribution: This study offers critical insights into the structural and systemic drivers of human trafficking in Nigeria and provides practical policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of anti-trafficking efforts at both national and international levels.
Legal and Institutional Framework for Trafficking in Persons and Protection of Victims in Nigeria Okoye, Chioma Okeoma; Okolie, Enright Que; Abonyi, Anslem Uchechukwu
Edulaw : Journal of Islamic Law and Yurisprudance Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): EduLaw : Journal of Islamic Law and Yurisprudance
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Bunga Bangsa Cirebon Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47453/edulaw.v7i1.3262

Abstract

This study examines the legal and institutional frameworks addressing human trafficking and victim protection in Nigeria. The study focuses on the role of national laws, institutions, and international agreements in combating human trafficking and protecting victims’ rights. The study explores key legal instruments, such as the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (amended), the Child’s Rights Act 2004, the Penal Code 2004, the Labour Act 2004, the Criminal Code Act 2004, and the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Enforcement and Administration Act 2015. In addition, the study analyzes the roles of institutions such as the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons (NAPTIP), the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), the police, and civil society organizations in prevention, law enforcement, victim rescue, and advocacy. Nigeria is also committed to international legal frameworks, including the Palermo Protocol, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. This study uses a qualitative approach with a systematic review based on the PRISMA framework. The study results show that despite progress, major challenges remain, such as weak law enforcement, lack of coordination between institutions, and inadequate support for victims. Therefore, strengthening legal mechanisms and improving institutional coordination are important steps to build a more effective and humane response to human trafficking in Nigeria.
Co-Authors Abonyi, Anslem Uchechukwu Okoye, Chioma Okeoma