<![CDATA[Sentiment analysis is a method in Natural Language Processing (NLP) that aims to understand public perceptions based on textual data from social media. Opinions expressed in digital platforms play an important role as they reflect public trust and attitudes toward strategic issues in Indonesia. This study aims to compare the performance of three IndoBERT-based approaches for sentiment classification, namely IndoBERT with full fine-tuning, IndoBERT as a feature extractor combined with Logistic Regression, and IndoBERT as a feature extractor combined with Linear SVM. The dataset was collected through the Twitter API, consisting of 2,012 tweets, which after preprocessing and balancing resulted in 2,252 labeled data for positive and negative sentiments. The preprocessing stage included cleansing, normalization, tokenization, stopword removal, and stemming. The dataset was then split into 80% training data, 10% validation data, and 10% testing data. Experimental results show that IndoBERT with full fine-tuning achieved the best performance, with an accuracy of 82.67%, an F1-score of 82.35%, and an AUC value of 0.87. Logistic Regression and Linear SVM produced lower accuracies of 80.20% and 78.22%, respectively. These findings indicate that fine-tuned IndoBERT is more effective in capturing the semantic nuances of the Indonesian language, while the non fine-tuning approaches offer better computational efficiency at the cost of reduced accuracy. This study contributes to the development of NLP methods for the Indonesian language, particularly in sentiment analysis, and highlights the potential of transformer-based models for analyzing strategic issues in social media.]]>
