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Almansarawi, Ali
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Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Leafy Vegetables as Natural Sources of Minerals and Vitamins and Their Role in Human Health: A Review Alhafadhi, Arshed; Alnassrallah, Rakhaa; Alobaidi, Ahmed; Almansarawi, Ali; Alshemari, Nada; Al-Salhi, Ahmed Ali Al-Salhi; Al-Shatty, Sabah
Health & Medical Sciences Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/phms.v2i4.498

Abstract

This review aims to assess the nutritional composition and health-promoting effects of selected leafy green vegetables—celery, basil, arugula, garden cress, and radish—and their potential contribution to preventing chronic diseases. Recent scientific evidence (2020–2025) was analyzed from clinical, epidemiological, and biochemical studies highlighting the physiological effects of these vegetables. The review methodology focused on identifying bioactive compounds, including nitrates, flavonoids, vitamins, and minerals, and evaluating their effects on key health outcomes such as cardiovascular performance, metabolic regulation, and digestive function. Results indicate that regular consumption of nitrate-rich leafy vegetables significantly contributes to lowering blood pressure, improving vascular elasticity, and reducing oxidative stress. Bioactive components such as flavonoids and polyphenols enhance lipid metabolism, decrease LDL cholesterol, and support antioxidant defense systems. Furthermore, dietary fiber and phytochemicals from arugula, celery, and basil positively influence gut microbiota composition and intestinal health, while compounds in radish and garden cress demonstrate glucose-regulating and anti-inflammatory properties.Overall, incorporating a diverse range of leafy green vegetables into daily diets serves as an effective, low-cost nutritional strategy to improve cardiovascular, metabolic, and digestive health. The findings underscore the need for further controlled clinical trials to determine optimal intake levels, synergistic effects among different species, and precise biochemical pathways underlying these health benefits.
Evaluation of Blood Glucose Response after Consumption of Food and Extracts from Field Crops in University Students Al-Mousawi, Hakeem; Hatim, Sajdeen; Albalawi, Sabaa; Almansarawi, Ali; Razzaq, Anfal; Al-Salhi, Ahmed
Health & Medical Sciences Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): November
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/phms.v3i1.529

Abstract

This study examined the glycemic response of healthy university students after consuming rice, bulgur, and extracts of fenugreek, cinnamon, and coriander. Blood glucose was measured at seven time points: baseline (0 minutes) and at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 minutes. The research was conducted on five groups of students, each receiving one of the test foods or extracts in standardized amounts (300 g of rice or bulgur and 300 ml of each extract). At the same time, all participants remained seated and inactive during monitoring to ensure controlled experimental conditions. The findings showed distinct differences among the tested substances, reflecting their varying nutritional and metabolic characteristics. Rice produced the most significant rise in blood glucose, especially between 20 and 40 minutes, consistent with its high glycemic index and rapid starch digestion. Bulgur demonstrated a slower, more moderate increase, with glucose levels rising gradually and then declining steadily from minute 80, due to its fiber content and coarse grain structure, which slows absorption. The plant extracts showed markedly lower responses than the starchy foods. Fenugreek extract produced the lowest rise, maintaining minimal changes over 120 minutes due to its viscous fibers and insulin-enhancing compounds. Cinnamon extract generated a moderate peak and approached baseline values between 100 and 120 minutes, while coriander extract showed a low, stable response with no sharp increases. Overall, the results demonstrate that the type of consumed substance strongly shapes postprandial glycemic behavior, with whole grains and plant extracts promoting a more stable and less pronounced response than refined starchy foods.
Co-Authors Al-Mousawi, Hakeem Al-Salhi, Ahmed Al-Salhi, Ahmed Ali Al-Salhi Al-Shatty, Sabah Albalawi, Sabaa Alhafadhi, Arshed Alnassrallah, Rakhaa Alobaidi, Ahmed Alshemari, Nada Hatim, Sajdeen Razzaq, Anfal