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All Journal Journal of Architecture & Environment
Noshadi, Mahnaz
Department of Architecture, University of Islamic Azad Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science

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EXPLORING KEY FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PLACEMENT OF OPEN SPACES IN RESIDENTIAL COMPLEXES TO ENHANCE QUALITY OF LIFE Khosrowjerdi, Behrooz; Noshadi, Mahnaz
Journal of Architecture&ENVIRONMENT Vol 24, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember (ITS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j2355262x.v24i2.a23153

Abstract

Open spaces in residential complexes function as critical social infrastructure, yet evidence-based frameworks for their strategic placement remain underdeveloped. This study identifies and prioritizes twelve key factors influencing open space location decisions in high-density residential contexts using the Fuzzy Delphi Method. Grounded in Place Attachment Theory, Attention Restoration Theory, and WHO Quality of Life frameworks, a multidisciplinary expert panel evaluated the factors through linguistic scales converted to triangular fuzzy numbers. Defuzzification procedures (acceptance criteria: A ≥ 0.5, d < 0.2) revealed a clear hierarchical structure. Social Interactions emerged as the primary driver (A = 0.733), validating open spaces as social infrastructure rather than merely physical amenities. Visual Quality (A = 0.703) and Long-term Sustainability (A = 0.690) ranked second and third, emphasizing aesthetic engagement and ethical imperatives. Supporting factors, including Privacy, Activities, Security, Spatial Continuity, Accessibility, Environmental Comfort, Multi-functionality, Cultural Context, and Permeability, demonstrated moderate importance as enabling conditions. The findings provide empirically validated design frameworks, challenging conventional planning paradigms that prioritize technical standards over human-centered outcomes.
Co-Authors Khosrowjerdi, Behrooz