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All Journal GoodWill Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting
Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma, Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Microfinance and Poverty Alleviation in Burundi: Assessing the Role of Financial Inclusion in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma, Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma; Amina Njeri Kamau; Rakesh Kumar Sharma
GoodWill Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : www.amertainstitute.com

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65246/rjj3ng86

Abstract

This study investigates the role of financial inclusion in enhancing the effectiveness of microfinance programs in reducing poverty in Burundi, with a particular focus on their contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth). Employing a mixed-method research design, the study collected data from 420 microfinance beneficiaries across four provinces through surveys and semi-structured interviews. Using multiple regression and structural equation modeling (SEM), the findings reveal that financial inclusion significantly mediates the relationship between microfinance participation and household welfare improvement. Access to financial services—such as savings, credit, and mobile banking—positively influences income generation, consumption stability, and business expansion among low-income households. However, the study also identifies barriers including high interest rates, limited outreach in rural areas, and low levels of financial literacy, which constrain the inclusiveness of microfinance initiatives. The results suggest that microfinance alone is insufficient to achieve sustainable poverty alleviation without complementary strategies such as financial literacy enhancement, gender-sensitive credit policies, and digital financial innovation. The study concludes that strengthening financial inclusion is essential for transforming microfinance into an effective instrument for inclusive and sustainable development in Burundi.
Financial Literacy, Microfinance, and Women Empowerment: Pathways to Sustainable Development in Haiti and Burundi Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma, Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma; Marie-Lourdes Joseph; Frantz Jacques Louis; Amina Njeri Kamau
GoodWill Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): October 2024
Publisher : www.amertainstitute.com

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65246/w506vf59

Abstract

This study examines the interrelationships between financial literacy, microfinance access, and women’s empowerment as pathways to sustainable development in two fragile-state contexts—Haiti and Burundi. Using a mixed-method comparative design, data were collected from 768 women micro-entrepreneurs through structured surveys and ten qualitative interviews with microfinance practitioners. Quantitative analysis employing multiple regression and PLS-SEM revealed that both financial literacy (β = 0.421, p < 0.001) and microfinance services (β = 0.387, p < 0.001) significantly and positively influence women’s empowerment. Moreover, empowerment mediates the relationship between financial inclusion variables and sustainable development outcomes (β = 0.463, p < 0.001). Comparative findings indicate that literacy-driven empowerment is more prominent in Haiti, where digital finance and remittances dominate, while access-driven empowerment prevails in Burundi’s agrarian context. The integrated effects suggest that literacy amplifies the benefits of microfinance by enhancing women’s financial decision-making, confidence, and control over resources. The study contributes to empowerment theory by empirically validating the synergistic interaction between knowledge and financial access and offers policy insights emphasizing gender-sensitive financial education, digital microfinance expansion, and regulatory inclusion. These results highlight that fostering both financial capability and access is essential for advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 5, 8, and 10) in fragile economies, where empowering women serves as both a developmental strategy and a catalyst for inclusive and resilient growth.
Assessing the Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth and Household Welfare in Haiti Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma, Jean-Baptiste Innocent Nyangoma; Carlos Eduardo Martínez; Elena Petrova
GoodWill Journal of Economics, Management, and Accounting Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : www.amertainstitute.com

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65246/qzt92790

Abstract

This study examines the impact of international remittances on economic growth and household welfare in Haiti, a remittance-dependent economy where such inflows represent over 20% of GDP. Using annual time-series data from 2000 to 2023 obtained from the World Bank, IMF, and UNDP databases, the study applies the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to assess both short-run and long-run dynamics among remittances, GDP growth, and household consumption. The empirical results indicate that remittances exert a statistically significant and positive effect on economic growth in the long run, primarily through increased household income, consumption expenditure, and investment in education and health. However, in the short run, remittance inflows exhibit a neutral effect on growth due to high import dependency and weak financial intermediation. Furthermore, the study finds that remittances contribute to household welfare improvement by reducing poverty incidence and income inequality, although their developmental potential is constrained by Haiti’s structural vulnerabilities and limited institutional capacity. The findings suggest that policies promoting financial inclusion, productive investment of remittances, and diaspora engagement could enhance the developmental role of remittances. This research provides new insights into the macroeconomic and social implications of remittance inflows in small developing economies and offers evidence-based recommendations for achieving inclusive and sustainable growth in Haiti.
Co-Authors Amina Njeri Kamau Carlos Eduardo Martínez Elena Petrova Frantz Jacques Louis Marie-Lourdes Joseph Rakesh Kumar Sharma