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All Journal Jurnal Sehat Mandiri Jurnal Pijar MIPA Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences.
Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Physics Public Health

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Dapagliflozin pada Gagal Jantung dengan Fraksi Ejeksi Rendah (HFrEF): Tinjauan Sistematis Mekanisme dan Efektivitas Klinis Karmawan, Zalfa Nadia Prasasti; Simorangkir, Rahel Lambok Yohana; Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1121

Abstract

Background: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a serious condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Dapagliflozin has demonstrated cardioprotective effects in patients with HFrEF. Objective: This review explores the mechanisms underlying the clinical benefits of dapagliflozin and summarizes current evidence from the DAPA-HF trial and its sub-analyses regarding its effectiveness in patients with HFrEF. Methods: Relevant literature was systematically searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Eligible studies were analyzed using a narrative approach to summarize the drug’s mechanisms of action and clinical outcomes. Results: Dapagliflozin improves cardiac energy efficiency, stimulates erythropoiesis, reduces myocardial fibrosis, and lowers oxidative stress and NT-proBNP levels. Clinically, 10 mg/day therapy reduces heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality by 26% (HR: 0.74), with recently hospitalized patients experiencing benefits up to 49% (HR: 0.51), consistent across subpopulations and providing added advantages to standard therapy. Conclusion: Dapagliflozin serves as an effective adjunct therapy for HFrEF, offering rapid and sustained benefits, reducing morbidity and mortality, and improving patients’ quality of life. Further research is warranted to expand its clinical application.
Intervensi Apoteker Dalam Edukasi dan Pengelolaan Pada Obesitas Sebagai Faktor Risiko Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2: Tinjauan Literatur Simorangkir, Rahel Lambok Yohana; Karmawan, Zalfa Nadia Prasasti; Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1124

Abstract

Obesity is one of the major modifiable risk factors contributing to the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pharmacists play an essential role in health promotion and preventive care through patient education and lifestyle counseling. This review aims to summarize and critically evaluate pharmacist-led interventions in obesity management as an effort to prevent T2DM. Literature searches were conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed with the keywords “pharmacist,” “obesity,” “type 2 diabetes,” and “lifestyle modification.” From the search results, ten international intervention studies published within the last ten years met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in detail. Findings indicate that pharmacist interventions, such as structured education, medication optimization, motivational counseling, and clinical monitoring, significantly improved weight reduction, body mass index, HbA1c levels, and adherence to healthy behaviors. Pharmacists also play a key role in deprescribing, monitoring metabolic outcomes, and supporting patient self-management. Overall, pharmacist involvement in obesity prevention and T2DM control demonstrates measurable clinical benefits and has strong potential to be adapted into national healthcare systems.
Pengaruh Stigma terhadap Tingkat Kepatuhan Terapi pada Pasien Tuberkulosis: Tinjauan Literatur Ramadhani, Siti Kalila; Safuha, Elyona Ganis Azka; Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
Jurnal Sehat Mandiri Vol 21 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Sehat Mandiri, Volume 21, No.1 Juni 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33761/jsm.v21i1.2508

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global public health problem, with treatment adherence serving as a key determinant of therapeutic success. One of the main barriers to adherence is social stigma experienced by patients, whether from family members, the community, or the workplace. This study aimed to examine the influence of stigma on treatment adherence among tuberculosis patients based on recent scientific evidence. A systematic literature review was conducted using the Google Scholar and PubMed databases for articles published between 2020 and 2025. A total of 1,076 articles were initially identified. After applying the PICO framework and strict inclusion–exclusion criteria, 200 articles were screened for further assessment, and 9 eligible studies were ultimately selected and analyzed narratively. The review findings consistently demonstrated a significant negative association between stigma and TB treatment adherence (p < 0.05). Stigma affects adherence directly through feelings of shame and social isolation, and indirectly through depression and psychological distress. In conclusion, social stigma represents a universal and multidimensional barrier to TB treatment adherence; therefore, TB control interventions should integrate psychosocial approaches alongside medical management.
Evaluation of the Rationality of Hypertension Treatment in Indonesia Based on JNC 7 and JNC 8 Treatment Standards: A Review Sagala, Pratama Immanuel Parlinggoman; Atika, Atika; Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.10574

Abstract

Hypertension is a multifactorial chronic disease and a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with a high prevalence in Indonesia. Irrational pharmacotherapy can reduce therapeutic effectiveness, increase the risk of adverse drug reactions, and exacerbate the economic burden on the healthcare system. This study aims to evaluate the rationality of hypertension treatment in Indonesia based on the Joint National Committee 7 (JNC 7) and 8 (JNC 8) therapy standards. A literature review was conducted on research articles accessed via Google Scholar, published between 2015 and 2025. Of the 675 identified articles, 10 met the inclusion criteria, which required that the articles contain percentage data on the rationality of hypertension treatment and use JNC 7 or JNC 8 as a reference. The results indicate that the appropriate indication aspect achieved the highest level of adherence, with 8 out of 10 studies (80%) reporting 100% compliance. The aspect of appropriate dosage was also high, exceeding 97% in 9 studies (90%). However, the appropriate drug selection rate showed wide variation, ranging from 48.65% to 100%. This inconsistency was primarily attributed to the prevalent use of monotherapy in stage 2 hypertension patients, for whom combination therapy is recommended. Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs), particularly amlodipine, were the most frequently prescribed antihypertensive class, dominating the prescribing patterns in 8 out of the 10 studies (80%). In conclusion, hypertension treatment in Indonesia demonstrates a high degree of rationality concerning indication, drug selection, and dosage appropriateness, aligning with JNC standards to achieve optimal blood pressure control.
Co-Authors Atika Atika Karmawan, Zalfa Nadia Prasasti Ramadhani, Siti Kalila Safuha, Elyona Ganis Azka Sagala, Pratama Immanuel Parlinggoman Simorangkir, Rahel Lambok Yohana