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Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Dapagliflozin pada Gagal Jantung dengan Fraksi Ejeksi Rendah (HFrEF): Tinjauan Sistematis Mekanisme dan Efektivitas Klinis Karmawan, Zalfa Nadia Prasasti; Simorangkir, Rahel Lambok Yohana; Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1121

Abstract

Background: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a serious condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Dapagliflozin has demonstrated cardioprotective effects in patients with HFrEF. Objective: This review explores the mechanisms underlying the clinical benefits of dapagliflozin and summarizes current evidence from the DAPA-HF trial and its sub-analyses regarding its effectiveness in patients with HFrEF. Methods: Relevant literature was systematically searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Eligible studies were analyzed using a narrative approach to summarize the drug’s mechanisms of action and clinical outcomes. Results: Dapagliflozin improves cardiac energy efficiency, stimulates erythropoiesis, reduces myocardial fibrosis, and lowers oxidative stress and NT-proBNP levels. Clinically, 10 mg/day therapy reduces heart failure hospitalizations and cardiovascular mortality by 26% (HR: 0.74), with recently hospitalized patients experiencing benefits up to 49% (HR: 0.51), consistent across subpopulations and providing added advantages to standard therapy. Conclusion: Dapagliflozin serves as an effective adjunct therapy for HFrEF, offering rapid and sustained benefits, reducing morbidity and mortality, and improving patients’ quality of life. Further research is warranted to expand its clinical application.
Intervensi Apoteker Dalam Edukasi dan Pengelolaan Pada Obesitas Sebagai Faktor Risiko Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2: Tinjauan Literatur Simorangkir, Rahel Lambok Yohana; Karmawan, Zalfa Nadia Prasasti; Kalalo, Jef Gishard Kristo
Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences JPS Volume 8 Nomor 4 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Tjut Nyak Dhien

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i4.1124

Abstract

Obesity is one of the major modifiable risk factors contributing to the rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Pharmacists play an essential role in health promotion and preventive care through patient education and lifestyle counseling. This review aims to summarize and critically evaluate pharmacist-led interventions in obesity management as an effort to prevent T2DM. Literature searches were conducted using Google Scholar and PubMed with the keywords “pharmacist,” “obesity,” “type 2 diabetes,” and “lifestyle modification.” From the search results, ten international intervention studies published within the last ten years met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in detail. Findings indicate that pharmacist interventions, such as structured education, medication optimization, motivational counseling, and clinical monitoring, significantly improved weight reduction, body mass index, HbA1c levels, and adherence to healthy behaviors. Pharmacists also play a key role in deprescribing, monitoring metabolic outcomes, and supporting patient self-management. Overall, pharmacist involvement in obesity prevention and T2DM control demonstrates measurable clinical benefits and has strong potential to be adapted into national healthcare systems.
Co-Authors Karmawan, Zalfa Nadia Prasasti Simorangkir, Rahel Lambok Yohana