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All Journal Civil Engineering Journal
Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture

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A Study on the Impact of Crystalline Hydrophilic Additive and Microcapsules on Concrete Freeze-Thaw Durability Gojević, Anita; Netinger Grubeša, Ivanka; Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 9 (2025): September
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-09-018

Abstract

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of a crystalline hydrophilic additive and chemical microcapsules in enhancing concrete’s freeze-thaw resistance at both material and structural levels. Three concrete mixes were tested: a reference mix, one with the crystalline additive and one with microcapsules. Cubic specimens were tested for compressive strength, water absorption and relative dynamic modulus of elasticity before, after and during 56 freeze-thaw cycles (according to CEN/TR 15177). The reinforced concrete beams underwent the same freeze-thaw regime and were tested under displacement-controlled cyclic loading to evaluate residual capacity and serviceability. Although both additives improved freeze-thaw resistance, beams with the microcapsule performed better on most criteria, including increased stiffness (+14%), load-bearing capacity (up to +22%) and ductility after freeze-thaw loading. Notably, all mixes showed an unexpected increase in compressive strength after cycling. Although the microcapsules provided the best overall performance, the crystalline additive was more effective in reducing water absorption. The study highlights the practical applicability of microcapsules for structural elements and demonstrates their potential to improve performance properties under harsh environmental conditions. The research novelty lies in the dual-level evaluation – material and structural – and the systematic comparison of two innovative additives, allowing a more comprehensive understanding of their performance under freeze-thaw conditions.
Evaluation of Different Rapid Assessment Approaches for Seismic Risk Evaluation of Masonry Structures Radić, Josip; Işik, Ercan; Hadzima-Nyarko, Marijana
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 11 No. 10 (2025): October
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2025-011-10-01

Abstract

Masonry structures hold notable historical and cultural significance but exhibit inadequate seismic performance due to low-strength materials and structural limitations. This paper aims to investigate and prioritize the seismic risk of masonry buildings to support preservation strategies, enhance urban resilience, and contribute to sustainability. To achieve this, different rapid assessment methods were comparatively applied, providing a practical alternative to detailed seismic analysis, which was impractical for large building stocks. This study focused on the masonry structures of Osijek, a city characterized by moderate seismic hazard, where these buildings are vital to the cultural heritage, tourism, and identity of the local community. Risk prioritization was conducted for 105 masonry buildings using data collected through systematic field observations and measurements. Findings indicate that while rapid assessment methods provide valuable insights for identifying vulnerable structures, their sensitivity and applicability vary according to building characteristics and the available data. The comparative analysis emphasizes that some methods are more effective at detecting structural deficiencies, whereas others are more suitable for large-scale screening when resources are limited. The novelty of this study lies in identifying the efficiency and limitations of different rapid assessment approaches, thereby advancing knowledge in seismic risk prioritization and providing guidance for heritage protection and disaster risk reduction.
Co-Authors Gojević, Anita Işik, Ercan Netinger Grubeša, Ivanka Radić, Josip