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All Journal Joal : Journal of Applied Linguistics JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND LEARNING RESEARCH
Roy Chowdhury, Probal
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Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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ESL Learning in the Public ECE Sector of Dhaka and Kolkata Roy Chowdhury, Probal
Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : English Lecturers and Teachers Association (ELTA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52622/joal.v5i1.445

Abstract

This article aims to discuss the need for research in the field of ESL learning as a stand-alone area. What can be achieved by working in this area, its implications for the field of Applied Linguistics, and who would it benefit, is discussed in detail, as it has been explored using qualitative methodology that confusion still persists regarding difference between teaching, learning and acquisition, even among teachers. Even after the emergence of Educational Linguistics, within the wider realm of Applied Linguistics, where teaching and learning ought to receive equal importance, learning is still not given proper attention. Language and education planning and policymaking prioritize the needs of the education system and its deliverables rather than the needs of an efficient learning environment. The whole study is based on a comparative case study design. Respondents were found still unable to distinctively explain teaching, learning and education in Dhaka and Kolkata. Dhaka is the national capital of Bangladesh. Kolkata is an Indian city and the capital of West Bengal State. In this article the reader will be able to explore why ESL learning in the early childhood period should be taken more seriously as a stand-alone area of research, especially where English is taught as a second language, like in Dhaka and Kolkata. Pupils of Dhaka and Kolkata both share a common first language that is Bengali, which they start learning together with ESL. Data from both the cities were collected and analyzed at the same time.   Keywords : ESL; Early Childhood Education; Language Teaching; Language Policy; Public Education
Early Childhood ESL Learning in Dhaka and Kolkata: Analyzing Public Primary Schools’ Learning Environments and Learning Strategies of Pupils Roy Chowdhury, Probal
Journal of Education and Learning Research Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND LEARNING RESEARCH
Publisher : Global READ Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62208/jelr.3.1.p.1-12

Abstract

This article aims to present the findings of an international comparative research conducted in the cities of Dhaka (Bangladesh) and Kolkata (India), in the field of early childhood ESL learning. It specifically focuses on language learning environments and ESL learning strategies used by the pupils of public primary schools. Both the cities are situated in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent and belonged to the same province and country before the partition of India in 1947, sharing Bengali as a common first language. Many public primary schools in both the cities offer English only as a second language to pupils. School-attending early childhood learners are addressed as pupils interchangeably throughout the article. Using qualitative methodology, it is found that infrastructural problems and absence of advanced ESL teaching techniques in public primary classrooms persist in both the cities. Distrust between guardians and teachers adversely affects pupils’ ESL learning in both the cities. Learning environments of both the cities fail to motivate early childhood ESL learners. Over-dependence on memory-related strategies to learn ESL among the pupils is also observed. Learning L1 (Bengali) and L2 (English) at the same time, especially in a classroom setting, creates problems for some pupils. It is discovered comparatively that in a formal learning environment all skills related to and aspects of early childhood ESL learning are not paid equal amount of attention.
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