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The Urgency of Renewing the Theory of Punishment in the Formation of National Criminal Law Policy Wakhidatul Mubarokah; Ali Masyhar Mursyid; Cahya Wulandari
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (JURDIKBUD) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Maret : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (JURDIKBUD)
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurdikbud.v5i1.6389

Abstract

The formulation of the National Criminal Code through Law Number 1 of 2023 highlights the importance of reforming sentencing theory to anticipate legal and social developments in Indonesia. This study adopts a normative qualitative approach, taking into account the evolution of sentencing paradigms. The findings reveal that the sentencing theory in the new Criminal Code has shifted from a retributive model to an integrative model. It combines restorative justice, absolute, and relative theories. Sentencing today is not solely aimed at punishment, but also at restoring social relations and protecting human rights. The introduction of more diverse types of punishment, the recognition of corporations as legal subjects, and the establishment of sentencing standards as judicial guidelines reflect this reform. In conclusion, a more humanistic and responsive national criminal law policy depends on the development of sentencing theory.
The Urgency of Renewing the Theory of Punishment in the Formation of National Criminal Law Policy Wakhidatul Mubarokah; Ali Masyhar Mursyid; Cahya Wulandari
Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (JURDIKBUD) Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Maret : Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (JURDIKBUD)
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurdikbud.v5i1.6389

Abstract

The formulation of the National Criminal Code through Law Number 1 of 2023 highlights the importance of reforming sentencing theory to anticipate legal and social developments in Indonesia. This study adopts a normative qualitative approach, taking into account the evolution of sentencing paradigms. The findings reveal that the sentencing theory in the new Criminal Code has shifted from a retributive model to an integrative model. It combines restorative justice, absolute, and relative theories. Sentencing today is not solely aimed at punishment, but also at restoring social relations and protecting human rights. The introduction of more diverse types of punishment, the recognition of corporations as legal subjects, and the establishment of sentencing standards as judicial guidelines reflect this reform. In conclusion, a more humanistic and responsive national criminal law policy depends on the development of sentencing theory.
When Victims are Criminalized: Reflections on the Politics of Criminal Law from the Baiq Nuril Case Wakhidatul Mubarokah; Ali Masyhar Mursyid; Cahya Wulandari
JURNAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU PENDIDIKAN Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Agustus : JURRIPEN : Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Pendidikan
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurripen.v4i2.5439

Abstract

The Baiq Nuril case is a clear reflection of the political problems of criminal law in Indonesia, especially in the context of protecting victims of sexual violence and the application of the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (ITE Law). Baiq Nuril, a victim of verbal harassment by her superior, was criminalized through Article 27 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law after she recorded an obscene conversation as a form of self-protection. This research uses a normative juridical approach by analyzing relevant legal instruments and their application in the Baiq Nuril case. The results show that the use of the article contains structural bias and shows an imbalance of perspectives in the criminal justice system, which tends to ignore the position of victims as well as the social context and power relations that surround them. In addition, the article's multiple interpretations open space for criminalization of victims, especially women, instead of providing protection. This case emphasizes the importance of criminal law reform oriented towards substantive justice and in favor of victims, as well as the need to revise the ITE Law so that it does not become a tool of repression against vulnerable groups. The amnesty granted by the President to Baiq Nuril is a political corrective step, but has not touched the root of systemic problems in law enforcement that have not been in favor of victims of gender-based violence.