<![CDATA[Abstract: The 20th Century was a new phase of Dutch colonialism in Indonesia. The existence of colonialism in Indonesia brought impacts and changes in several aspects such as economic, politic, social, and culture. Some districts in Java run into a transition from a traditional society into a modern one. To muslims, the changes brought another impact. Muslim in some places in Java comonly thrive into a positive progress. It could be seen in the forming of Islamic organization, Islamic pers growth, and modernization of Islamic education. In Purwokerto, in the early 20th century, it grew and became one of the busiest cities in the district of Banyumas residency as well as one of the most important cities in the southern part of Central Java. That growth made a certain impact to Muslim community in Purwokerto. In the early 20th century, they were divided into 4 religious organizations thus are Serikat Islam, Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, dan Ahmadiyah. Besides, the growth of Muslim community in Purwokerto in this era was along with the growth of Christianity and Chatolic community which was introduced by Dutch Colony. Therefore, this research aims to find out had Muslim community in Purwokerto made progress as were in other common district in Java in that era or vice versa? and why?Abstrak: Abad ke-20 merupakan babak baru penjajahan Belanda di Indonesia. Adanya kolonialisme di Indonesia membawa dampak dan perubahan dalam beberapa aspek seperti ekonomi, politik, sosial, dan budaya. Beberapa kabupaten di Jawa mengalami transisi dari masyarakat tradisional menjadi masyarakat modern. Bagi umat Islam, perubahan itu membawa dampak lain. Umat Islam di beberapa tempat di Jawa umumnya tumbuh subur menjadi kemajuan yang positif. Hal itu dapat dilihat dalam pembentukan organisasi Islam, pertumbuhan pers Islam, dan modernisasi pendidikan Islam. Di Purwokerto, pada awal abad ke-20 tumbuh dan menjadi salah satu kota tersibuk di kabupaten Karesidenan Banyumas sekaligus salah satu kota terpenting di Jawa Tengah bagian selatan. Pertumbuhan tersebut memberikan dampak tersendiri bagi komunitas Muslim di Purwokerto. Pada awal abad ke-20, mereka terbagi menjadi 4 organisasi keagamaan yaitu Serikat Islam, Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama, dan Ahmadiyah. Selain itu, pertumbuhan komunitas Muslim di Purwokerto pada era ini sejalan dengan pertumbuhan komunitas Kristen dan Katholik yang diperkenalkan oleh Koloni Belanda. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah umat Islam di Purwokerto mengalami kemajuan seperti di kabupaten-kabupaten lain di Jawa pada masa itu atau sebaliknya? dan mengapa?]]>
