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All Journal Journal of Social Development Studies International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development
Onuoha, Onyekachi Chibueze
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Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Push-Pull Determinants of Livelihood Diversification among Rural Dwellers in Oil-Polluted Communities in Niger Delta, Nigeria Onuoha, Onyekachi Chibueze
Journal of Social Development Studies Vol 5 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Department of Social Development and Welfare, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jsds.11097

Abstract

Abstrak Diversifikasi mata pencaharian memungkinkan rumah tangga untuk berpartisipasi dalam berbagai kegiatan untuk memperluas sumber pendapatan. Penelitian ini mengkaji faktor-faktor penentu (dorongan dan tarikan) diversifikasi mata pencaharian di kalangan masyarakat miskin pedesaan di komunitas Delta Niger yang tercemar minyak. Data primer digunakan untuk penelitian ini dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur dari 320 kepala rumah tangga yang terkena dampak langsung tumpahan minyak di lahan Ogoni. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan standar deviasi, mean, dan uji sampel berpasangan. Studi ini mengungkapkan bahwa faktor pendorong merupakan motivasi yang kuat untuk melakukan diversifikasi karena tumpahan minyak di wilayah tersebut cukup menimbulkan tekanan dan memerlukan diversifikasi. Namun, beberapa rumah tangga termotivasi oleh faktor penarik berdasarkan keterampilan yang tersedia untuk mengeksplorasi kegiatan di luar pertanian dan non-pertanian. Direkomendasikan agar inisiatif pelatihan yang bertujuan untuk membekali penduduk pedesaan di daerah yang tercemar minyak dengan keterampilan yang dapat diterapkan pada pekerjaan non-pertanian harus dilaksanakan secara konsisten. Kata kunci: Mata Pencaharian, Diversifikasi, Pedesaan, Penentu Abstract Livelihood diversification enables households to participate in multiple activities to widen income sources. This research examined the determinants (push and pull) of livelihood diversification among the rural poor in oil-polluted communities of the Niger Delta. Primary data were used for the study using a well-structured questionnaire from 320 household heads who had a direct impact by the oil spill in Ogoni land. The data collected were analyzed using standard deviation, mean and paired sample tests. The study revealed that the push factors were strong motivation for diversification as the oil spillage in the area was enough distress and necessitated the diversification. However, some households were motivated by pull factors based on available skills to explore off-farm and non-farm activities. It is recommended that training initiatives aimed at equipping rural residents of oil-polluted areas with skills applicable to non-farm occupations should be consistently carried out. Keywords: Livelihood, Diversification, Rural, Determinants
Social Investment Programme and Livelihood of the Vulnerable: A Focus on Nigeria Post COVID-19 Pandemic Onuoha, Onyekachi Chibueze; Okafor, Nnamdi Ikemefuna
International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Vol. 4 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Rescollacom (Research Collaborations Community)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijbesd.v4i4.474

Abstract

Introduction: In an effort curb the effect and the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries’ governments took firm decisions and actions to ensure that the pandemic was contained before vaccines were developed including the closure of sea, land, and airport borders, banning all gatherings, closure of schools, and all forms of gathering, social distancing as well as locking down their economies to restrict vehicular and human movement. Nigeria was one of the most affected African countries, the Government therefore adopted strategies to minimize the effect of the lockdown on the citizens which included the distribution of relief materials and the re-engineering of its social investment programme that was earlier established in 2016, targeting the vulnerable people including the youths, children, and women. However, lack of transparency, and accountability of the funds by the assigned government personnel have been highly reported. Therefore, this research aimed at carrying out an in-depth investigation and evaluation of the social investment programmes on the livelihood of the vulnerable in Nigeria.Methodology: The descriptive survey method was adopted as the research design for the study. The primary data from strategic community leaders who are privy to information on all financial and material support provided to any member of their communities were generated. Seventy-nine (79) communities were studied across all six geopolitical zones in the country using a structured questionnaire. The data generated were analysed using simple percentages, mean, and standard deviation.Results: The results for N-power programme, conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme, government enterprise and empowerment programme (GEEP), the home-grown-school feeding programme (HGFP) were established. The obtained results in general demonstrated a low and a moderate impact or effect of the government social programmes on the livelihood of the targeted Nigerians (vulnerable). This was evident enough across all the results discussed below with a low mean value which is a clear indication of the misappropriation, little or no transparency, dishonesty and corruption involved by the assigned government agencies or officials to carry out these tasks.
Co-Authors Okafor, Nnamdi Ikemefuna