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All Journal Jurnal Kultur Demokrasi FALASIFA : Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Amin, Ahmad Fatkhul
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Religion Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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Efektivitas Sekolah Rujukan Terhadap Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan di SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung Amin, Ahmad Fatkhul
JURNAL KULTUR DEMOKRASI (JKD) Vol 12, No 2 (2023): Jurnal Kultur Demokrasi
Publisher : FKIP Universitas Lampung

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Abstract

Reference schools are defined as reference schools for other schools in the vicinity in implementing education quality assurance independently, meeting the National Education Standards (SNP), having / achieving educational indicators that are more than the SNP, and having achievements or excellence in both academic and non-academic. The purpose of this study is to explain the effectiveness of reference schools in improving the quality of education in SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung. The research method used in this research is descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The sample in this study was 50 people. Data analysis used percentage analysis techniques and data collection techniques using questionnaires. The results showed that the implementation of reference schools towards improving the quality of education in SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung was effective. This shows that SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung has implemented and improved the quality of education in an effort to help the government implement the referral school program.Keywords: effectiveness, referral school, quality improvement
A Comparative Fiqh Analysis of Online Buying and Selling Transactions: Perspectives of the Four Madhhabs in Madzāhibu al-Arba'ah Umam, Khoirul; Romdhoni, Ali; Azizah, Nurul; Farhan, Moh; Amin, Ahmad Fatkhul
FALASIFA : Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol 17 No 01 (2026)
Publisher : UAS PRESS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62097/falasifa.v17i01.2939

Abstract

This study aims to examine and comparatively analyze the perspectives of the four Sunni madhhabs Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali on online buying and selling transactions by referring to Madzāhibu al-Arba'ah by Abdurrahman Al-Juzairi, with a focus on identifying points of convergence and divergence relevant to contemporary digital commerce. While previous studies have generally addressed online transactions from a broad Islamic law perspective, few have conducted a systematic comparative analysis rooted in classical fiqh turath across all four madhhabs simultaneously. This study employs a normative qualitative library research method with a comparative fiqh approach, using Madzāhibu al-Arba'ah as the primary source and supported by contemporary fiqh muamalah literature, international journal articles on Islamic e-commerce, and relevant regulatory documents. Data were analyzed through descriptive-analytical and comparative methods to examine the pillars and conditions of sale, ijab-qabul, clarity of object, and the concept of ittihād al-majlis in online transactions. The findings reveal that all four madhhabs permit online buying and selling through analogical reasoning with bai' al-salam, yet differ significantly in their interpretations of sighat and ittihād al-majlis: the Hanafi and Hanbali schools adopt a more flexible stance on the form of ijab-qabul, the Shafi'i school emphasizes the continuity of the contract session and explicit sighah, while the Maliki school prioritizes public benefit through 'urf and maṣlaḥah mursalah. This study contributes a structured comparative framework that translates classical contract elements into their digital equivalents, offering normative guidance for Islamic e-commerce practice and sharia-compliant digital transaction governance.
Co-Authors Ali Romdhoni Farhan, Moh Khoirul Umam NURUL AZIZAH