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All Journal Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran (JURRIKE) Magna Neurologica
Zalafi Kartika Azka
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Jalur Saraf Vergence : Systematic Literature Review Zalafi Kartika Azka; Alvian Dwisakti Kurniato
JURNAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU KEDOKTERAN Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): April : Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kedokteran
Publisher : Pusat riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurrike.v4i1.4548

Abstract

Vergence movement is an important mechanism in eye coordination to maintain visual focus. The neural pathways controlling vergence involve complex interactions between various brain structures, such as the mesencephalic nucleus of the oculomotor nerve (CN III), the abducens nucleus (CN VI), the reticular pontine formation (PRF), and the visual and motor cortices. Disorders in this system can lead to convergence insufficiency, esotropia, exotropia, as well as diplopia which impacts the quality of binocular vision. This study aims to conduct a systematic review of the neural pathways that play a role in the vergence system. This research design is a study that uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. 5 articles were obtained using a method of secondary analysis of literature review through scientific database portals such as SINTA, Scopus and Google Scholar published in 2015-2025 both national and international articles. The results of the analysis show that vergence disorders are common in children and the elderly, with various causes ranging from benign factors to more serious neurological conditions. Studies show that activities in the parietal eye field (PEF), frontal eye field (FEF), superior colliculus (SC), and PRF have important roles in vergence coordination. In addition, vergence deficits were also found in Parkinson's patients, who showed prolonged latency and reduced vergence gain. In the context of technology, research on virtual reality (VR) shows that vergence errors often occur when users interact with virtual environments, leading to visual fatigue and incorrect depth perception. This study also highlights that neurotransmitters such as GABA, glutamate, and dopamine have a role in the modulation of neural signals that control vergence. A deeper understanding of the neural pathways of vergence is crucial in ophthalmology and neurology, especially in the diagnosis and therapy of binocular vision disorders. In addition, research on vergence also contributes to the development of visual technologies, such as VR and eye tracking systems, that are more adaptive to human physiological characteristics.
Haemorrhagic Transformation in Ischemic Stroke Induced by Polycythemia Vera: A Case Report Zalafi Kartika Azka; Irfan Pranowo
Magna Neurologica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v4i1.2195

Abstract

Background: Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the overproduction of red blood cells. This can lead to hyperviscosity, which significantly increases the risk of thrombosis, which in turn increases the risk of ischemic stroke. There is currently no reported case of haemorrhagic transformation of PV-induced acute ischemic stroke in Indonesia. Case: A 62-year-old female was admitted to the emergency department after a sudden onset of left-sided weakness one hour before admission. She has a history of polycythemia vera, with prior hemoglobin levels reaching 22 g/dL, and had a previous ischemic stroke one year prior. On physical examination, the patient was alert, with a GCS of 15, blood pressure of 168/94 mmHg, left-sided hemiparesis, dysarthria, and facial drooping. Laboratory tests revealed elevated hemoglobin 16.8 g/dL, hematocrit 56%, platelets 466,000/µL, and leukocytes 20.4 x 10³/µL. A non-contrast head CT showed a hypodense lesion in the right temporoparietal lobe with a hyperdense spot, consistent with hemorrhagic transformation of a thromboembolic infarction in the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) region, an infarct in the left thalamus, and cerebral atrophy. Discussion: PV-induced ischemic strokes involve a confluence of hyperviscosity, endothelial activation, and platelet aggregation. The thickened blood compromises microcirculatory flow, particularly in the cerebral vascular, increasing embolic risks. HT occurs due to the reperfusion of ischemic tissues following the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Conclusion: Hemorrhagic transformation can develop in PV-induced acute ischemic stroke. Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating acute stroke care, rigorous hematologic control, antihypertensive therapy, lifestyle modifications, and antiplatelet treatment.
Co-Authors Alvian Dwisakti Kurniato irfan pranowo