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Ferdinans, Ferdinans

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Author-ID : 9287829

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Mutation site identification confers glyphosate resistance in goosegrass (Eleusine indica L. Gaertn) from Jonggol, Bogor, Indonesia Ferdinans, Ferdinans; Guntoro, Dwi; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 51 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Glyphosate resistance is a serious problem in weed control, especially in oil palm plantations. However, evaluation of suspected resistant weeds such as Eleusine indica L. Gaertn at the gene level is still scarce in Indonesia. Here, target-site resistance to glyphosate of the EPSPS gene was evaluated. The objective of this study was to identify glyphosate resistance caused by mutation points in goosegrass biotypes from oil palm plantation in Jonggol, West Java, Indonesia. Bio-assay analysis was carried out by planting goosegrass in pots. Glyphosate was applicated using eight-level, namely 0, 0.125x, 0.25x, 0.5x, x, 2x, 4x, and 8x, where x was the recommended dose (972 g ha-1) for three replications. Weed damage was evaluated from plant biomass and then regression analysis was performed to obtain the LD50 and resistance index. The E. indica from block V had a reduced sensitivity status with 2.343 value of resistance index, and those from Block II biotype had a sensitive status with 1.588 resistance index. Alignment of the EPSPS gene showed no mutation was observed at two target-points, indicating that increasing resistance of E. indica in the study site could be controlled by other factors. Nevertheless, E. indica of block V biotype had a resistance potential due to the highest LD50. It is necessary to evaluate further the possibility of mutation in other target-points of the EPSPS gene. Keywords: bio-assay; EPSPS; LD50; resistance index; sequencing; target-site resistance

Dominance of Cyperus kyllingia Endl. at guava orchard and its possible resistance to glyphosate Ferdinans, Ferdinans; Guntoro, Dwi; Sudradjat
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 51 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy)
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Weed resistance, indicated by increasing the level of herbicide for control, might arise due to the continuous use of similar herbicides in the long term without any herbicide rotation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the status of dominant weeds in a guava orchard to determine weed control strategies. The research was carried out from November 2020 to June 2021 at Agribusiness Technology Park IPB, Bogor. Vegetation analysis to define dominance was carried out at 4 blocks using the square method. In each block, five sampling points were randomly selected. Seeds of C. kyllingia were collected and planted as many as 25 seedlings in polybags. Glyphosate herbicide was applied onto C. kyllingia in 3 replications using 9 doses, i.e., 0 (D0), 60.75 (D1), 121.5 (D2), 243 (D3), 486 (D4), 972 (D5), 1944 (D6), 3888 (D7), and 7776 g ha-1 (D8). C. kyllingia mortality percentages were analyzed using linear regression to obtain LD50. The results showed that the dominant weed was C. kyllingia. Block 4 showed the highest significant LD50 value at 759.11 g ha-1 with a resistance index of 2.67 (reduced sensitivity). The presence of dominant C. kyllingia was identified only at block 4, indicating the dominance could correlate with increasing resistance of the particular weed. Keywords: doses; EPSPS; glyphosate; LD50; sedges; vegetation analysis

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