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All Journal Ma'mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam
Khalil, Shahidra Abdul
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Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Reading Indonesian Criminal Code through the Lens of Surah Al-Maidah Verse 44 Najib, M. Ainun; Candra, Marli; Khalil, Shahidra Abdul
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i2.311

Abstract

Abstract: Adherence to the teachings of Islamic law is obligatory for Muslims. The law is sacred and stems from revelation, whereas in a modern state system, the source of obligation comes from man-made law. This article will discuss Indonesian criminal law from the surah Al-Māidah verse 44 perspective and the potential seismic shift of Islamic criminal law becoming a positive law in Indonesia. This research is normative research, which examines law from written sources with a comparative approach. The results show that despite differences in several rules, Indonesian criminal law is in so far the philosophical perspective is in accordance with Islamic criminal law. The potential implications of this shift are significant, not only presenting a major change in the legal landscape of Indonesia but also opening up new avenues for legal research and discourse. Keywords: Islamic criminal law, Indonesian Criminal Code, Al-Māidah, Integration of Islamic law. Abstrak: Kepatuhan terhadap ajaran hukum Islam adalah kewajiban bagi umat Islam. Hukum itu suci dan berasal dari wahyu, sedangkan dalam sistem negara modern, sumber kewajiban berasal dari hukum buatan manusia. Artikel ini akan membahas hukum pidana Indonesia dari perspektif surah Al-Māidah ayat 44 dan potensi pergeseran seismik hukum pidana Islam menjadi hukum positif di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif, yang mengkaji hukum dari sumber tertulis dengan pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada perbedaan dalam beberapa aturan, hukum pidana Indonesia sejauh ini dalam perspektif filosofis sesuai dengan hukum pidana Islam. Pergeseran potensial ini tidak hanya menghadirkan perubahan signifikan dalam lanskap hukum Indonesia, tetapi juga membuka jalan baru untuk penelitian dan wacana hukum. Kata kunci: Hukum Pidana Islam, KUHP Indonesia, Al-Māidah, Integrasi Hukum Islam.  
Judicial Independence in Sentencing: A Comparative Study Between the Indonesian Penal Code and Islamic Criminal Law Candra, Marli; Musyafaah, Nur Lailatul; Khalil, Shahidra Abdul
Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): December
Publisher : Department of Comparative Mazhab Comparative, Fakulty of Shariah and Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/komparatif.v6i2.3179

Abstract

Judicial independence in sentencing constitutes a fundamental principle of the criminal justice system, aimed at ensuring the attainment of substantive justice and legal certainty. The enactment of the National Penal Code (KUHP Nasional) affords judges broader discretionary authority in determining the type and degree of punishment. Islamic criminal law, for its part, has long recognized the concept of judicial independence through the principles of istiqlāl al-qādī and ijtihād al qādī, particularly in taʿzīr cases. This study aims to analyze judicial independence in sentencing from the perspectives of the National Penal Code and Islamic criminal law. The study employs normative legal research. The legal materials consist of primary sources, including the National Penal Code and foundational sources of Islamic criminal law, as well as secondary sources, such as relevant legal literature and scholarly journals. The findings reveal that both the National Penal Code and Islamic criminal law recognize judicial independence as a pivotal principle in sentencing. The commonality lies in the acknowledgment of judicial discretion in the individualization of punishment. Nevertheless, fundamental differences exist regarding the sources of legitimacy, the scope of discretion, and the orientation of sentencing objectives.
Co-Authors Najib, M. Ainun Nur Lailatul Musyafaah