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All Journal Journal of Pain, Vertigo and Headache
Puteri, Lintang Firdhani Nabila
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Neuroscience

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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND MANAGEMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN Puteri, Lintang Firdhani Nabila; Rahmawati, Dessika
Journal of Pain, Headache and Vertigo Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): September
Publisher : PERDOSNI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Neurologi Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/

Abstract

Background: Neuropathic pain is a type of chronic pain resulting from lesions or disorders of the somatosensory nervous system. This condition is often difficult to recognize and manage due to the complexity of its mechanisms and the variation in clinical symptoms. Objective: This article aims to review the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and management strategies for neuropathic pain based on current scientific literature. Result: The main mechanisms of neuropathic pain include ectopic activity, central sensitization, dysfunction of descending inhibitory pathways, and glial cell activation. Diagnosis is established through a combination of detailed history taking, neurological examination, screening tools such as DN4, and supporting investigations such as EMG-NCV, QST, skin biopsy, ultrasonography, and MRI. Pharmacological therapy includes the use of tricyclic antidepressants, SNRIs, anticonvulsants, and topical agents, with an individualized and stepwise approach. Advanced imaging techniques such as MRI and CT play a critical role in detecting structural lesions. Conclusion: The diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to neuropathic pain should be multimodal and mem-based. Integration of clinical and supporting examinations is key to improving diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness.
Co-Authors Rahmawati, Dessika