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All Journal JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia
Madani, M. Iyad
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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From Promise to Proof: Revealing the Comparative Performance of RSV Vaccines Through Network Meta-Analysis Madani, M. Iyad; Haq, Hilmi Amirul; Abdullah, Bryan Naufal
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Book of Abstrack RCIMS 2025
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.vi.969

Abstract

Introduction: There is no consensus on the optimal vaccine platform for preventing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Recent advances in RSV vaccine development aim to improve efficacy and safety across various platforms. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of available RSV vaccines using a network meta-analytic approach to identify the most effective strategy for RSV prevention.Method: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Scopus up to November 2025 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of RSV vaccines in healthy populations. Ten RCTs were included, evaluating adenovirus vaccine, subunit vaccine, mixed subunit and adenovirus vaccine, subunit vaccine with AS01E, and placebo controls were included.  Analyses were conducted in RStudio using the netmeta package. Risk of bias was appraised using RoB 2.0 and certainty of evidence was assessed with CINeMA and the GRADE frameworks. Result and Discussion: This analysis demonstrated that the subunit vaccine with AS01E possesses superior efficacy in reducing RSV-related respiratory illness compared to placebo (RR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.16 -- 0.31). This finding was reinforced by ranking analysis, which identified this intervention as the most effective (P-score = 0.916). No significant differences in safety profiles were observed across interventions, although precision was limited by wide confidence intervals and substantial heterogeneity. Conclusion: Subunit vaccines with AS01E demonstrated the highest efficacy for RSV prevention. However, their safety profile has not yet been clearly defined, and further research is needed to assess long-term effectiveness and monitor potential late adverse effects.
From Promise to Proof: Revealing the Comparative Performance of RSV Vaccines Through Network Meta-Analysis Haq, Hilmi Amirul; Madani, M. Iyad; Abdullah, Bryan Naufal
JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 12 No 2 (2025): JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia Vol. 12.2 (2025)
Publisher : BAPIN-ISMKI (Badan Analisis Pengembangan Ilmiah Nasional - Ikatan Senat Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53366/jimki.v12i2.1041

Abstract

Introduction: There is no consensus on the optimal vaccine platform for preventing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Recent advances in RSV vaccine development aim to improve efficacy and safety across various platforms. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of available RSV vaccines using a network meta-analytic approach to identify the most effective strategy for RSV prevention.Methods: A systematic search of  PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Scopus (up to November 2025) identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of RSV vaccines in healthy populations. Evaluated interventions included Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF,  Ad26.RSV.preF, Bivalent RSVpreF, RSVPreF3OA, and placebo controls. Network meta-analyses were performed using the netmeta package in R. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were appraised using RoB 2.0, CINeMA, and GRADE frameworks, respectively.Result: Ten RCTs were analyzed. Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF Protein Vaccine possesses superior efficacy in reducing RSV-related respiratory illness compared to placebo (RR 0.25 [95% CI: 0.15-0.45]).  Ranking analysis corroborated this finding, identifying it as the most effective intervention (P-score = 0.827). Safety profiles were comparable across all interventions; however, the precision of these estimates was limited by wide confidence intervals and substantial heterogeneity. Conclusion: Ad26.RSV.preF–RSV preF demonstrated the highest efficacy for RSV prevention. However, their safety profile has not yet been clearly defined, and further research is needed to assess long-term effectiveness and monitor potential late adverse effects.                           
Co-Authors Abdullah, Bryan Naufal Haq, Hilmi Amirul