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Apriandary, Ni Putu Dian
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Health Professions

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Latihan Fisik untuk Mengurangi Tekanan Intraokular pada Glaukoma: Tinjauan Sistematik Apriandary, Ni Putu Dian; Rahayu, Ni Kompyang
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 52 No 12 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v52i12.1595

Abstract

Introduction: Glaucoma is a common eye condition that poses a risk to vision, as it involves elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and can lead to vision impairment. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and inadequate ocular perfusion are the basic theories of glaucoma development and progression. Methods: Literature within the last 10 years was searched through PubMed and Googleusing the specified keywords: “Glaucoma” (title), “Intraocular Pressure (IOP)” (all fields), and “Physical Exercise” (all fields). The PRISMA method is used to process journal selection. Results: Dynamic exercises such as cycling and jogging have been shown to significantly reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), particularly in patients with glaucoma, whereas isometric activities like weightlifting or head-down yoga poses temporarily increase IOP. Breathing exercises such as yogic pranayama can lower IOP by stimulating parasympathetic activity and improving aqueous humor outflow without elevating ocular venous pressure. Conclusion: The decrease in IOP and increase in OPP after dynamic exercises such as cycling and jogging were related to the intensity of the exercise. No cure is available; management is to prevent further damage and vision loss. Physical exercise influences the IOP, ocular perfusion, neuroprotection, and mental health in patients with glaucoma. This article discusses the benefits of physical exercise in reducing IOP and its potential risks in glaucoma patients.
Keberhasilan Pengobatan Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration dengan AREDS 2: Tinjauan Pustaka Apriandary, Ni Putu Dian; Howen, Miranda
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 53 No 09 (2026): September 2026 - CDK 356
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v53i09.2127

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss. Recent 5-year follow-up findings confirm that AREDS2 formula (vitamins C and E, lutein, zeaxanthin, zinc, copper) significantly reduces the risk of progression from intermediate to advanced AMD. New analyses suggest AREDS2 supplements may slow geographic atrophy (GA) expansion towards the fovea in late-stage dry AMD, potentially preserving central vision. The supplement is recommended for patients with intermediate or advanced AMD, not in early stages. The AREDS2 formula does not prevent the onset of AMD or restore vision that has already been lost. Its main role is to reduce the risk of disease progression in appropriately selected patients. Lutein and zeaxanthin are preferred to β-carotene because β-carotene increases the risk of lung cancer, particularly among current and former smokers. Long-term use should be based on the AMD stage, smoking history, comorbidities, and potential interactions with other medications. Regular ophthalmological monitoring remains necessary to assess disease progression and detect conversion to neovascular AMD.
Co-Authors Howen, Miranda Rahayu, Ni Kompyang