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Roslizar, Ahmad Muzammil
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Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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IoT-based real-time monitoring of agricultural wastewater using Raspberry Pi, Node-RED, and Grafana Faizu, Nur’in Batrisyia Mohd; Roslizar, Ahmad Muzammil; Zaini, Muhammad Aizat Zaim; Idris, Fakrulradzi; Berahim, Zulkarami; Latiff, Anas Abdul
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 14, No 6: December 2025
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/eei.v14i6.10170

Abstract

This study introduces an internet of things-based agricultural wastewater monitoring system (IoT-AWMS) designed to enhance water management through real-time monitoring and advanced sensor integration. The system employs a Raspberry Pi for centralized control, node-RED for automation, InfluxDB for data storage, and Grafana for visualization. A key innovation is the integration of an alternative sensing approach for estimating electrical conductivity (EC), complementing conventional sensors for total dissolved solids (TDS), water temperature (DS18B20), and ambient conditions (DHT11). The system achieves over 85% accuracy in estimating EC across diverse water samples, including drinking water, agricultural runoff, and fertilizer-enriched solutions. Compared with conventional approaches, IoT-AWMS demonstrates superior accuracy, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Its modular design supports applications in nutrient runoff detection, contamination monitoring, and optimized water resource utilization, with broader potential in precision farming and environmental monitoring. This work contributes a robust, adaptable IoT framework for sustainable agricultural water management.
Co-Authors Berahim, Zulkarami Faizu, Nur’in Batrisyia Mohd Idris, Fakrulradzi Latiff, Anas Abdul Zaini, Muhammad Aizat Zaim