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OPTIMASI EKSTRAK BIOAKTIF PROPOLIS MENGGUNAKAN MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION DENGAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY Marthia, Nabila; Triani, Rini; M, Nur Annisa Fitriana
Pasundan Food Technology Journal (PFTJ) Vol 12 No 3 (2025): PASUNDAN FOOD TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
Publisher : Department of Food Technology, Universitas Pasundan, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/pftj.v12i3.34939

Abstract

Propolis is a natural bee product rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids and phenols, which act as potent antioxidants and antimicrobials. This study aimed to optimize the extraction of propolis using the Microwave-Assisted Extraction (MAE) method through a Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach and Central Composite Design (CCD). The independent variables were solvent volume (100–150 mL) and extraction time (5–8 min), while the responses measured included total flavonoids, total phenols, and antioxidant activity (IC₅₀). All responses followed a quadratic model with high coefficients of determination (R² > 0.9) and non-significant lack of fit. The optimum condition was achieved at 150 mL solvent volume and 6.5 min extraction time, with a desirability value of 0.98. Verification showed that experimental values fell within the 95% prediction interval, confirming the accuracy of the model. These results demonstrate that MAE is an efficient method for producing quality propolis extracts with strong biological potential.