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Samuel Nwaozuzu
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Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering

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Comparative Efficacy of Plant Leaves in Remediation of Crude Oil Polluted Silty Soil Johnson, Nnadikwe; Otaraku, Ipeghan Jonathan; Oji Akuma; Samuel Nwaozuzu
Journal Majelis Paspama Vol. 4 No. 01 (2026): Journal Majelis Paspama, 2026
Publisher : Journal Majelis Paspama

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This study compared the efficacy of Jatropha curcas and Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts in bioremediating crude oil-polluted silty soil through composite bioaugmentation. Wet-blended extracts (with P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E. coli) achieved >50% contaminant reduction in 40 days. Predictive models (Minitab) explained remediation outcomes, highlighting the potential of these plant extracts as eco-friendly agents for silty soil restoration in Ogoniland, Niger Delta, Nigeria. The study investigated the comparative efficacy of Jatropha curcas and Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts in bioremediating crude oil-polluted soils through composite bioaugmentation. The leaf extracts, harboring P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. coli, were prepared via sun drying, room drying, and wet blending, and applied to contaminated sandy, loamy, and silt soils. Results showed that wet-blended extracts demonstrated superior remediation performance, achieving over 50% reduction in contaminant levels. Treatment with 10-40g of leaf extract over 40 days significantly reduced contaminants, with optimal results observed in sandy soils. Using Minitab software, predictive models were developed to estimate the impact of leaf mass, treatment time, and soil pH on the remediation of hydrocarbons, lead, zinc, and chromium. The models were statistically significant (p < 0.05) with good explanatory power (high R²), indicating their potential for predicting remediation outcomes. These findings highlight the potential of Jatropha curcas and Vernonia amygdalina as effective bio-remediation agents for crude oil-polluted soils, offering a sustainable solution for environmental restoration.
Phytoremediation of Crude Oil Polluted Sandy Soil using Plant Leaves: A Comparative Study Johnson, Nnadikwe; Otaraku, Ipeghan Jonathan; Oji Akuma; Samuel Nwaozuzu
Journal Majelis Paspama Vol. 4 No. 01 (2026): Journal Majelis Paspama, 2026
Publisher : Journal Majelis Paspama

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This study evaluates the comparative efficacy of Jatropha curcas and Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts in phytoremediating crude oil-polluted sandy soil. Leaf extracts containing P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. coli were prepared via sun drying, room drying, and wet blending. Wet-blended extracts (10-40g, 40 days) achieved significant reductions: - Hydrocarbons: 2.40 μg/mL (Vernonia amygdalina), 2.11 μg/mL (Jatropha curcas). Lead (Pb): 0.99 μg/mL (Vernonia amygdalina), 0.72 μg/mL (Jatropha curcas). - Zinc (Zn): 0.71 μg/mL (Vernonia amygdalina), 0.51 μg/mL (Jatropha curcas). Predictive models (R² > 0.875) developed using Minitab software demonstrate the impact of leaf mass, treatment time, and soil pH on remediation. Results highlight the potential of these plant extracts as sustainable bio-remediation agents for crude oil-polluted sandy soil, offering an eco-friendly solution for environmental restoration.
Enhancing Lubricating Oil Performance Through the Integration of Viscosity Improvers in Mono-Grade and Multi-Grade Blends Johnson, Nnadikwe; Iheme Chigozie; Samuel Nwaozuzu; Tare Caroline Gillow
Journal Majelis Paspama Vol. 4 No. 01 (2026): Journal Majelis Paspama, 2026
Publisher : Journal Majelis Paspama

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This study focuses on enhancing lubricating oil performance through the integration of viscosity improvers in multi-grade blends. A systematic approach was followed to formulate a high-performance multi-grade engine oil, starting with 5 liters of base oil and 1 liter of paraffin oil (100N). Additives (0.42 kg, 7% of the total blend) including Aspen, Tackifier, anti-wear, corrosion inhibitors, detergents, dispersants, and antioxidants were meticulously measured and added to the mix. The mixture was heated to 70°C to facilitate reaction between the base oil and additives, and then cooled to room temperature (around 30°C). Subsequently, 0.5 kg of viscosity index improver was introduced into the mixture, followed by the addition of 5 grams of dye. Quality control tests were conducted to ensure compliance with Standard Organization of Nigeria (SON) standards. The results showed that the product met the stringent specifications outlined by the regulatory body, demonstrating reliability and performance. This study highlights the importance of viscosity improvers in enhancing lubricating oil performance and meeting industry standards.
Co-Authors Iheme Chigozie Johnson, Nnadikwe Oji Akuma Otaraku, Ipeghan Jonathan Tare Caroline Gillow