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All Journal JPH Galunggung
Mochammad Iqbal Ruhiat
Sekolah Tinggi Hukum Galunggung
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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LEGITIMASI PEMBENTUKAN ISRAEL 1917–1949: PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL DAN KRITIK NORMAN G. FINKELSTEIN Mochammad Iqbal Ruhiat
Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Galunggung Vol 2 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Galunggung
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.1234/jphgalunggung.v2i2.11

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji dasar-dasar hukum internasional pembentukan negara Israel pada periode 1917–1949 serta menawarkan analisis kritis terhadap legitimasi proses tersebut berdasarkan pandangan akademisi Norman G. Finkelstein. Dengan menelaah berbagai instrumen hukum internasional, seperti Deklarasi Balfour, Mandat Palestina 1922, Piagam PBB 1945, serta Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB 181 (1947) dan 194 (1948), penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan Israel berada dalam ketegangan antara legalitas formil dan legitimasi moral. Di satu sisi, komunitas internasional melalui PBB memberikan pengakuan formal terhadap eksistensi Israel; namun di sisi lain, pelanggaran prinsip non-agresi, hak pengungsi Palestina untuk kembali, serta praktik ekspansi teritorial yang tidak sah menimbulkan pertanyaan serius atas keabsahan hukum dan etika dari pendirian negara tersebut. Finkelstein menyoroti inkonsistensi penerapan hukum internasional terhadap Israel, terutama dalam hal standar ganda dan selektivitas pelaksanaan resolusi PBB. Dengan pendekatan normatif dan historis, penelitian ini berargumen bahwa klaim legalitas pembentukan Israel tidak dapat dilepaskan dari konteks kolonialisme, pengusiran paksa, dan ketimpangan struktur hukum internasional yang menguntungkan aktor-aktor dominan.
MERESPONS DIALOG GLOBAL PBB TENTANG TATA KELOLA AI: PENDEKATAN TWAIL (THIRD WORLD APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL LAW), KOLONIALISME DATA, DAN ARAH KEBIJAKAN INDONESIA Mochammad Iqbal Ruhiat
Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Galunggung Vol 3 No 2 (2026): Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Galunggung
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.1234/y4s0p026

Abstract

Global artificial intelligence (AI) governance is currently being intensively negotiated across various United Nations (UN) forums, including through the Global Digital Compact and the High-Level Advisory Body on AI, which published the report Governing AI for Humanity. Employing a critical legal analysis method, this article deconstructs the discursive architecture of these multilateral initiatives from the perspective of Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL). It examines how the colonial legacy in international law risks being reproduced into digital colonialism and data asymmetry within the still-unequal global AI governance regime. Furthermore, this paper analyzes how Third World countries, particularly Indonesia, through its National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (Stranas KA) 2020–2045 and its domestic regulations, can navigate the paradox of digital sovereignty amidst dependence on foreign technological infrastructure. Grounding its analysis in the doctrines of digital sovereignty, distributive justice, and equitable participation, this article offers a concrete framework of recommendations. Its objective is to ensure that UN global dialogues do not merely legitimize the concentration of corporate technological power from Global North countries, but rather genuinely realize substantive justice, digital infrastructure independence, and human rights protection for Global South nations.
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