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All Journal ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer (JEECOM)
Basyaruddin Ismail Harahap
Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering

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Comparative Study of 10 Wp Solar Panel Performance with Mirror Reflectors at Various Angles BASYARUDDIN ISMAIL HARAHAP; SEPTIA REFLY; DOLI BONARDO; BAVITRA BAVITRA; BIMBI ADYTIA WANATIRTA
ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika Vol 14, No 1: Published January 2026
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Nasional, Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26760/elkomika.v14i1.84

Abstract

Improving solar panel performance is challenging due to increasing of solar radiation. This study investigates the effect of variations in the angle of the flat mirror reflector on the surface temperature and electrical performance of a 10 Wp monocrystalline solar panel using an ESP32-based data acquisition system with INA219 and DS18B20 sensors. Reflector angles of 45°, 60°, and 75° were tested from 08:00 to 16:00 WIB. The results indicate that the 45° reflector produced the lowest temperature (≈60 °C), the highest average voltage (19.7–20.0 V), maximum current of 120 mA, and peak power of 2.6 W. In contrast, the 75° angle increased the temperature to 72 °C and reduced the electrical output. The study concludes that a 45° reflector angle is optimal for low-power solar panels in hot tropical environments.
Multi-Channel Power Data Acquisition System for Solar Panel Monitoring Septia Refly; Adam BimaJaya; Basyaruddin Ismail Harahap
Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer (JEECOM) Vol 8, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Nurul Jadid

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33650/jeecom.v8i1.14224

Abstract

This study presents a low-cost and scalable multi-channel power data acquisition system for real-time solar photovoltaic (PV) panel monitoring, addressing the limitations of conventional single-channel approaches that provide only aggregate system measurements. The proposed system enables simultaneous per-panel measurement to support detailed performance analysis and improved fault localization. The system is implemented using an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with multiple calibrated INA219 sensors, which are connected via the I²C protocol to measure voltage, current, and electric power. A modular hardware design supports three independent PV channels, while data handling is achieved through dual-mode operation, consisting of local microSD card storage and wireless data transmission to the ThingSpeak IoT platform for real-time visualization. Calibration results demonstrate high measurement accuracy, with average errors below 1%, a voltage root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 0.07 V, and a current RMSE of less than 7 mA. Field testing conducted over two consecutive days confirms stable and uninterrupted operation, achieving 100% data acquisition reliability. The recorded data clearly reveal per-panel performance differences under real operating conditions, enabling effective identification of mismatch behavior among panels. The proposed system provides an affordable, reliable, and scalable solution for distributed PV monitoring, making it suitable for multi-panel and remote photovoltaic installations. Future improvements will involve temperature-based efficiency analysis and the integration of thermal management strategies to enhance photovoltaic performance.
Co-Authors Adam BimaJaya Bavitra, Bavitra BIMBI ADYTIA WANATIRTA Doli Bonardo Septia Refly