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All Journal Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Annisa Aulia Savitri
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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The Effect of Alginate-Chitosan/Quaternary Chitosan Concentration on The Release of Propolis (Tetragonula Spp.) in Hydrogel Wound Dressings Iqbal Nugroho; Priskilla Meliana Hutahaean; Melania Diu; Aulya Indah Purwanty; Annisa Aulia Savitri
Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Science and Technology Research for Pharmacy
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jstrp.v5i2.35129

Abstract

The increasing incidence of acute and chronic wounds globally requires the development of effective wound dressings. This study aims to formulate and analyze the release profile of propolis extract (Tetragonula spp.), which has potential biological activity for wound healing, from a hydrogel wound dressing (HWD) based on alginate-chitosan/quaternary chitosan biocomposite as a delivery system that can control its release. Propolis extract, which has been tested positive for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids/triterpenoids, was formulated into four HWD formulas (F1-F4) with varying ratios using the solvent casting method. The results of the release test in PBS medium at pH 7.4 at 37 C for 48 hours showed that all formulas produced a gradual release. The results of the One-Way ANOVA test on the final cumulative release showed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). However, descriptively, Formula F2 (4% alginate-8% quaternary chitosan) showed the highest release percentage (99.85%) with the most stable rate, followed by F4 (98.71%), while F3 with high chitosan showed the lowest percentage (86.65%). The best release kinetics analysis followed the Higuchi model (R² ≥ 0.95), indicating that the release mechanism was controlled by diffusion. It was concluded that variations in the alginate and chitosan/quaternary chitosan ratios affected the release pattern and rate, and Formula F2 with a balanced ratio produced an optimal controlled release profile, making it the most ideal candidate for further development as a therapeutic hydrogel wound dressing.
Comparative Antidepressant, Anxiolytic, and Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Lemon Peel and Peppermint Leaves Extracts in Mice Neli Syahida Ni'ma; Annisa Aulia Savitri; Dyah Mahendrasari Sukendra; Ronny Meilano Hardiansyah; Ika Ayu Puspaningtias; Gavriel Fauzan Fathurahman; Septia Linasari
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1297-1304

Abstract

Depression and anxiety are prevalent psychiatric disorders, and current treatments are often limited by side effects, delayed onset, and resistance. Natural products are being explored as safer alternatives, and lemon peel (Citrus limon) and peppermint leaves (Mentha × piperita L.) contain diverse bioactive compounds with neuroprotective potential. This study evaluated the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of their ethanolic extracts, individually and in combination, in male Swiss Webster mice. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and steroids in both extracts. Antidepressant activity, assessed by the Forced Swimming Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST), showed that both extracts and their low-dose combination significantly reduced immobility time, with effects comparable to fluoxetine. In contrast, the high-dose combination did not enhance efficacy. Anxiolytic activity, evaluated using the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM) and Light-Dark Box (LDB), revealed that peppermint extract exerted the strongest effect, followed by the low-dose combination and lemon peel. Acute oral toxicity testing at 2000 mg/kg showed no mortality or adverse effects. These findings suggest that lemon peel and peppermint extracts possess antidepressant and anxiolytic properties with favorable safety profiles, supporting their potential as natural alternatives or adjuncts for managing mood disorders.
Co-Authors Aulya Indah Purwanty Dyah Mahendrasari Sukendra Gavriel Fauzan Fathurahman Ika Ayu Puspaningtias Iqbal Nugroho Melania Diu Neli Syahida Ni'ma Priskilla Meliana Hutahaean Ronny Meilano Hardiansyah Septia Linasari