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All Journal Salimiya : Jurnal Studi Ilmu Keagamaan Islam Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy
Naelul Marom
Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang
Religion Astronomy Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Social Sciences Other

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Akurasi Data Koordinat Atlas Der Gehele Aarde Dalam Penentuan Arah Kiblat: Studi Kasus BHRD Kabupaten Tegal Naelul Marom; Ahmad Izzuddin
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.5946

Abstract

The determination of the Qibla direction in Indonesia ideally utilizes precise local coordinate data. However, the Board of Hisab and Rukyat (BHRD) of Tegal Regency employs a unique method by using coordinate data derived from the "Atlas Der Gehele Aarde," a Dutch colonial-era atlas, combined with a "Two Compass Method." This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of Qibla measurements resulting from this method and to analyze it from the perspectives of Falak science (astronomy) and Islamic law (Fiqh). This research is a field study using a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews with BHRD officials and direct verification measurements at five sample mosques using a Theodolite and Google Earth data. The results indicate a discrepancy between the BHRD calculations and modern astronomical measurements. The use of single-city coordinates from the Atlas and the neglect of magnetic declination in the compass method resulted in a Qibla deviation ranging from 1° to 2° 35'. Astronomically, this deviation is considered inaccurate as it exceeds the tolerance limit of 0° 42'. However, from the perspective of Islamic Law, particularly the Shafi'i school, these measurements remain legally valid (sah) under the concept of 'jihat al-ka'bah' (general direction) based on 'dzan' (strong assumption) for regions far from Mecca.
ULAMA PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI MEDIATOR SAINS-AGAMA: KAJIAN FATWA DAN PANDANGAN TOKOH PEREMPUAN DALAM ISU KONTEMPORER ILMU FALAK Naelul Marom
Salimiya: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Keagamaan Islam Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Salimiya
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian, Penerbitan dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (LP3M) IAIFA Kediri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58401/salimiya.v6i3.2734

Abstract

The study of Ilmu Falak (Islamic Astronomy) in Indonesia is often dominated by male figures, both in determining religious law (fatwa) and its practice. This article analyzes the role of Women Scholars (Ulama Perempuan - UP) as a bridge (mediator) between the perspective of pure science (astronomy) and the view of Sharia (astronomical fiqh - fikih falak), particularly in contemporary issues such as the criteria for Hisab-Rukyat (calculation-sighting) and the Global Hijri Calendar. Using a descriptive qualitative method with content analysis of fatwas and the views of Indonesian female Falak figures (e.g., female Falak academics, members of the Lajnah Falakiyah - Astronomical Board), this study finds that Women Scholars tend to adopt an Integrative-Contextual approach. Women Scholars play a crucial role in reducing the tension of the Hisab-Rukyat conflict, positioning the consideration of social welfare (maslahat) (socio-astronomical aspects) alongside mathematical accuracy, and encouraging a gender equality perspective in the public space of Falak. The contributions of Women Scholars ensure that the Falak discourse remains relevant, moderate, and inclusive amid technological advancements and modernity.
Co-Authors Ahmad Izzuddin