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Nimrot Manalu
Univeristas Negeri Medan, Indonesia.
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Evaluating Functional Capacity in Athletes: A Systematic Review of Measurement Tools and Techniques Nimrot Manalu; Mei Chintia Haerani; Yusuf Naibaho; Esran Polin Harefa
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 01 (2025): March Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i01.01

Abstract

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to evaluate and compare the reliability, validity, and clinical utility of functional capacity assessment tools and techniques used in athletic populations across various sports disciplines. Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) was conducted for studies published between January 2000 and September 2024. Studies evaluating functional capacity measurement tools in athlete populations were included. Two independent reviewers assessed methodological quality using the COSMIN checklist, and data extraction was performed using a standardized form. Results: From 1,742 initially identified studies, 87 met the inclusion criteria, evaluating 43 distinct functional capacity assessment tools. Field based tests demonstrated higher ecological validity but lower standardization than laboratory assessments. Sport-specific tools showed greater sensitivity for detecting performance deficits compared to generic assessments. Reliability was highest for technology-assisted measurements (ICC>0.85) compared to observational tools (ICC 0.62-0.79). The Y-Balance Test, Functional Movement Screen, and sport-specific performance batteries emerged as the most comprehensively validated tools across multiple sports. Conclusion: While several valid and reliable tools exist for evaluating functional capacity in athletes, selection should be guided by sport-specific requirements, available resources, and assessment purpose. Multi-dimensional assessment batteries that combine quantitative performance metrics with qualitative movement pattern analysis provide the most comprehensive evaluation of athletic functional capacity. Future research should focus on establishing minimal clinically important differences and developing sport-specific normative data.
Athlete Acclimatization: Its Impact on Health and Performance in Sports Competitions - A Literature Review Nimrot Manalu; Tuppal Ajun Siburian; Hizkia Cauvin; Rival Gunawan; Sinis Parningotan
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 01 (2025): March Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i01.03

Abstract

Objectives: This review examines the physiological processes of acclimatization in athletes competing in varied environmental conditions and evaluates its impact on health outcomes and performance metrics. The study specifically investigates the effectiveness of different acclimatization protocols and their application across different sports disciplines. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using five major databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library) from January 2010 to September 2024. The search strategy combined terms related to acclimatization, athletic performance, and environmental variables. Studies meeting inclusion criteria were independently assessed by two reviewers using the PEDro scale for quality assessment. Results: Seventy-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Heat acclimatization protocols consistently demonstrated improved thermoregulation, cardiovascular stability, and performance metrics (3-7% improvement) when implemented 10-14 days before competition. Altitude acclimatization studies showed greatest benefit at moderate elevations (2000-2500m) with 2-3 week exposure periods. Cold acclimatization research revealed mixed results, with metabolic and perceptual adaptations being more prominent than performance enhancement. Cross-adaptation phenomena were identified in 23% of the analyzed studies, suggesting potential for combined protocols. Conclusion: Acclimatization protocols have statistically significant and practically meaningful impacts on athletic performance and health outcomes when properly implemented. Sport-specific protocols with progressive exposure yield optimal results. Future research should focus on individualized approaches and the interaction between acclimatization strategies and other performance factors such as nutrition and recovery protocols.
The Role of Acclimatization in Enhancing Athlete Performance in Extreme Environments - A Literature Review Nimrot Manalu; Michael Mamio Lumbantobing; M. Aswin Sebayang; M. Nanda Natana Karokaro
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 01 (2025): March Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i01.05

Abstract

Objectives: This review aims to examine the physiological mechanisms of acclimatization to extreme environments (heat, cold, and altitude) and evaluate their impact on athletic performance. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and SPORTDiscus for studies published between 2000 and 2025. Selection criteria focused on research examining acclimatization protocols, physiological adaptations, and performance outcomes in extreme environmental conditions. Studies involving both elite and recreational athletes were included. Results: The analysis of 86 studies revealed that structured acclimatization protocols produce significant physiological adaptations specific to each extreme environment. Heat acclimatization enhances thermoregulation, cardiovascular efficiency, and fluid balance. Cold acclimatization yields modest benefits through metabolic and vascular adaptations. Altitude acclimatization improves oxygen transport and utilization through hematological and non-hematological mechanisms. The timing, duration, and specificity of acclimatization protocols significantly impact the magnitude of performance benefits across different sporting disciplines. Conclusion: Effective acclimatization strategies must be environment-specific, individualized, and systematically implemented to optimize athletic performance in extreme conditions. The integration of traditional and novel acclimatization approaches offers promising avenues for enhancing athlete resilience and competitive advantage in challenging environmental settings.
The Impact of Physical Screening on Position Selection and Performance in Smash Badminton Athletes - A Literature Review Nimrot Manalu
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 01 (2025): March Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i01.06

Abstract

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the relationship between physical screening assessments and their impact on position selection and smash performance in competitive badminton players. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted across electronic databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and sport-specific databases from January 2000 to March 2025. Search terms included combinations of "badminton," "smash," "performance," "screening," "position selection," and "physical assessment." Studies were included if they examined physical screening metrics, position selection factors, or smash performance parameters in badminton athletes. Results: Analysis of 37 eligible studies revealed strong associations between specific physical screening parameters and smash performance. Key physical attributes identified include shoulder rotational strength, upper limb power, lower extremity explosive strength, core stability, and trunk rotation capacity. Body positioning significantly influenced shuttlecock release angle and clearance height. Gender-specific differences were observed in smash velocity (98.7 m/s for males vs. 78.5 m/s for females) and technique, with females typically employing a "kick-through" rather than "two-footed jump" approach. Conclusion: Physical screening assessments provide valuable data for optimizing position selection and enhancing smash performance in badminton. Targeted assessments of shoulder internal rotation strength in the abducted position, trunk rotation capacity, and lower limb explosive power demonstrate the strongest correlation with smash performance. Implementation of sport-specific screening protocols can identify athlete strengths and weaknesses, informing individualized training programs and optimal court positioning strategies.
The Importance of Physical Screening in Enhancing Athlete Performance: A Literature Review of Health and Injury Prevention Aspects Nimrot Manalu; Yikren Marito Marbun; Nikolas Marupa Turnip; Boja Nerta Sembiring
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 01 (2025): March Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i01.07

Abstract

Objectives: This literature review examines the role of physical screening in enhancing athletic performance through health optimization and injury prevention strategies. The study aims to synthesize current evidence on screening methodologies and their impact on athlete safety and performance outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using electronic databases to identify relevant studies on physical screening in athletics. Studies were selected based on predetermined criteria focusing on pre-participation screening, injury prevention, and performance enhancement methodologies. Results: The analysis revealed that comprehensive physical screening programs incorporating pre-participation medical evaluations, functional movement assessments, and advanced monitoring techniques significantly contribute to injury prevention and performance optimization. Key screening components include cardiovascular assessments, musculoskeletal evaluations, biomechanical analyses, and integrated approaches combining conventional and innovative monitoring methods. Conclusion: Physical screening serves as a fundamental component in athlete health management and performance enhancement. The integration of traditional screening methods with advanced technologies provides comprehensive athlete assessment capabilities, enabling personalized interventions for optimal performance and injury prevention.
Development of Heating and Cooling Systems for Athletes in Extreme Sports Sport Combat: A Literature Review Nimrot Manalu; Maelan Dwi br Banurea; Maharani Putri Hasibuan; Juni Yanti Nasution
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 02 (2025): July Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i02.16

Abstract

Objectives: This literature review examines the current state of heating and cooling systems designed for athletes participating in extreme combat sports, evaluating their effectiveness in managing core body temperature and enhancing performance under thermal stress conditions. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using multiple academic databases to identify studies on thermal management systems for combat sports athletes. Search criteria included peer-reviewed articles published between 2019-2025 focusing on cooling and heating technologies, heat acclimation protocols, and performance outcomes in combat sports environments. Results: The review identified multiple thermal management approaches including palm-based cooling systems, isothermic heat acclimation protocols, and external cooling strategies. Central cooling methods demonstrated superior effectiveness (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.58, p < 0.001) compared to peripheral cooling approaches4. Palm cooling technologies utilizing arteriovenous anastomoses showed promise for rapid core temperature regulation in combat sports. Conclusion: Current thermal management systems show significant potential for enhancing combat sports performance, with central cooling strategies proving most effective. However, research gaps exist regarding optimal protocols for specific combat sports and long-term adaptation effects.
Age-Related Differences in Physical Abilities in Competitive Sports: A Literature Review Nimrot Manalu; Dika Rahyandi; Revan Nando Nehe
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 02 (2025): July Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i02.31

Abstract

Objectives: This literature review aims to analyze and synthesize existing research on how physical abilities vary with age among competitive athletes, highlighting developmental trends, performance peaks, and declines. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in databases including PubMed, MDPI, and Sport Science journals, focusing on studies published up to 2025 that examine age-related differences in physical performance in competitive sports. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies assessing anthropometric, physiological, and skill-based parameters across different age groups. Results: Findings consistently show that physical abilities such as speed, agility, strength, and endurance improve from childhood through adolescence, peak in early adulthood, and decline progressively with aging. Technical skills and cognitive factors increasingly influence performance in older athletes. The relative age effect also impacts youth performance assessments. Conclusion: Age significantly affects physical abilities in competitive sports, with distinct developmental phases requiring tailored training approaches. Understanding these differences is essential for talent identification, training optimization, and injury prevention.
The Impact of Menstrual Cycle on Women's Athletic Performance: A Study on National Athletes of North Sumatra: A Study on Challenges and Opportunities Nimrot Manalu; Ammalina Hudani; Helmina Ria Siregar; Ririn Irena Ririn Irena; Richa Putri Kinanti
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 02 (2025): July Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i02.32

Abstract

Objectives: This research aims to investigate the relationship between menstrual cycle phases and athletic performance among elite female athletes from North Sumatra, Indonesia. The study specifically examines variations in strength, endurance, power, and technical skill execution across different phases of the menstrual cycle and identifies potential strategies for performance optimization. Methods: Thirty-eight elite female athletes (age 18-29 years) from various sporting disciplines participated in this 3-month longitudinal study. Performance metrics were assessed weekly and mapped to individual menstrual cycle phases confirmed through hormonal testing. Physical performance tests included countermovement jumps, 30m sprint, handgrip dynamometry, and sport-specific skill assessments. Participants completed daily symptom questionnaires and training logs. Statistical analysis employed repeated measures ANOVA, with post-hoc Bonferroni corrections and linear mixed models to account for individual variations. Results: Significant performance fluctuations were observed across menstrual cycle phases, with a 7.2% decrease in power output during the early luteal phase compared to the late follicular phase (p < 0.01). Endurance capacity decreased by 5.8% during the early follicular phase (p < 0.05). Technical skill execution demonstrated the highest variability (CV = 8.4%) during the premenstrual phase. Individual response patterns varied substantially, with 63% of athletes reporting performance decrements associated with specific cycle phases. Conclusion: The menstrual cycle significantly impacts various performance parameters in elite female athletes from North Sumatra, with the most pronounced effects during the early luteal and early follicular phases. Individual response patterns emphasize the need for personalized approaches to training periodization and competition scheduling. Implementation of cycle-based training modifications and symptom management strategies presents opportunities for performance enhancement.
The Role of Women as Coaches and Sports Managers: A Study On Challenges And Opportunities - A Literature Review Nimrot Manalu; Annice Alemina Br Barus; Frili Harmoni Sitompul; Imelda Br Sitepu
Joska: Jurnal Isori Kampar Vol. 2 No. 03 (2025): November Issue JOSKA: ISORI KAMPAR JURNAL
Publisher : Ikatan Sarjana Olahraga Republik Indonesia (Kabupaten Kampar)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53905/joska.v2i03.36

Abstract

Objectives: This literature review aims to examine the current status, challenges, and opportunities for women in coaching and sports management positions, synthesizing existing research to identify barriers and potential strategies for advancement. Methods: A systematic review of literature published between 2012 and 2025 was conducted using electronic databases including ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis Online, and PubMed. Articles were selected based on relevance to women in coaching and sports management roles, with particular focus on barriers, supports, and advancement strategies. LaVoi and Dutove's ecological model was used as a primary framework for analysis. Results: Despite increased participation of women in sports and sports education programs, women remain significantly underrepresented in coaching and leadership positions across all levels of sport. Women held only 65 of 382 athletic director, commissioner, or other top leadership roles at Division 1 NCAA institutions in 2023. The research identifies multilevel barriers that include organizational factors (inconsistent hiring practices, hypermasculine sport culture), interpersonal factors (lack of mentoring, limited networking opportunities), and individual factors (work-life balance challenges, confidence issues). Successful advancement strategies include mentorship, sponsorship, networking, and building diverse career portfolios. Conclusion: Women in coaching and sports management face persistent barriers embedded in gendered institutional practices. Interventions at multiple ecological levels are required to achieve equity, with organizational change being particularly critical. Formal mentoring programs, intentional networking opportunities, and challenging gendered organizational cultures can create pathways for women's advancement in sports leadership.
Co-Authors Ammalina Hudani Annice Alemina Br Barus Boja Nerta Sembiring Dika Rahyandi Esran Polin Harefa Frili Harmoni Sitompul Helmina Ria Siregar Hizkia Cauvin Imelda Br Sitepu Juni Yanti Nasution M. Aswin Sebayang M. Nanda Natana Karokaro Maelan Dwi br Banurea Maharani Putri Hasibuan Mei Chintia Haerani Michael Mamio Lumbantobing Nikolas Marupa Turnip Revan Nando Nehe Richa Putri Kinanti Ririn Irena Ririn Irena Rival Gunawan Sinis Parningotan Tuppal Ajun Siburian Yikren Marito Marbun Yusuf Naibaho