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Donaliazarti
Universitas Abdurrab
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Imunopatogenesis Karsinoma Mamae Donaliazarti
Scientific Journal Vol. 3 No. 6 (2024): SCIENA Volume III No 6, November 2024
Publisher : CV. AKBAR PUTRA MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56260/sciena.v3i6.160

Abstract

Malignant tumors that originate in the breast tissue are breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is the main cause of death in women between 40 and 59 years of age. Risk points for developing mammary carcinoma include age, gender, ethnicity, hormones, previous history of cancer, environmental exposures, diet, and inflammation. Breast cancer can have different characteristics even though it arises from the same cell type. Based on the presence or absence of ER, breast cancer is divided into ER- breast cancer and ER+ breast cancer. The change of normal cells into cancer is a complex process and consists of at least two phases, namely initiation and promotion. Cancer-related genes are divided into three categories: oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and genes that regulate apoptosis. Mutations in these genes can cause normal breast cells to become cancerous. The immune system acts as immunosurveillance needed to recognize and destroy abnormal cells before they develop into tumors or kill them if they have already grown. A new paradigm on the interaction of the immune system and tumor cells developed the immunoediting hypothesis. The immunoediting process consists of three phases: elimination, equilibrium and escape. Immunopathogenesis of breast cancer needs to be known as a basis for the development of future management.
Aspek Pemeriksaan Laboratorium Pada Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Winda Komala; Donaliazarti
Scientific Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): SCIENA Volume IV No 4, July 2025
Publisher : CV. AKBAR PUTRA MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56260/sciena.v4i4.246

Abstract

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) adalah kelainan hematologi dimana makrofag teraktivasi di luar regulasi sistem imun yang normal. Kelainan ini merupakan sindrom hiperinflamasi yang disebabkan aktivasi berlebihan limfosit dan makrofag yang memproduksi banyak sitokin. Sindrom HLH merupakan keadaan gawat darurat pada seluruh usia. Manifestasi klinis yang tidak spesifik menyebabkan penyakit ini sering luput dari diagnosis. Seorang perempuan berusia 65 tahun datang ke IGD RS dengan keluhan utama badan terasa letih, pucat dan demam hilang timbul sejak beberapa waktu yang lalu. Pada pemeriksaan darah ditemukan pansitopenia, peningkatan D-Dimer, gangguan elektrolit, hipoalbuminemia dan peningkatan enzim hepar. Pemeriksaan Bone Marrow Punction (BMP) menunjukkan eritropoietik, granulopoietik, dan trombopoietik dalam batas normal kecuali makrofag yang mencapai 11% dan disertai hemofagositosis oleh makrofag. Makrofag yang ditemukan di BMP terlihat sedang memfagosit sel-sel hematologi seperti neutrofil segmen, neutrofil batang, trombosit, dan berbagai sel hematologi lain yang tidak dapat dipastikan jenisnya. 
Co-Authors Winda Komala