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All Journal Global and Policy Journal of International Relations
Farisin, Mokhamad Saiful
Brawijaya University
Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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The Rise of Online Gambling and Its Securitization Efforts in Indonesia Post COVID-19 Farisin, Mokhamad Saiful
Global and Policy Journal of International Relations Vol 13, No 02 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jgp.v13i02.5063

Abstract

Online gambling activities in Indonesia have seen a significant increase in recent years, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the factors contributing to this rise is boredom due to social distancing measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus. This rapid increase has turned online gambling into a serious threat for Indonesia, necessitating immediate action to address the issue. This research aims to examine the securitization stages undertaken by the Indonesian government to tackle this threat, using the securitization theory of The Copenhagen School. Through descriptive research methods and a literature review, it was found that the online gambling issue has been successfully securitized by the Indonesian government through three stages: speech act, acceptance by the audience, and emergency measures. The author also discovered that during the acceptance by the audience stage, the response received was substantial and varied, ranging from individuals to institutions, indicating that the issue has gained attention from the target audience of this securitization effort.
INDONESIA'S EMERGING THREAT: HOW NUCLEAR TRAFFICKING EXPLOITS NATIONAL VULNERABILITY Fazha, Alvina Putri; Farisin, Mokhamad Saiful; Pinatih, Ni Komang Desy Setiawati Arya
Global and Policy Journal of International Relations Vol 13, No 02 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jgp.v13i02.5477

Abstract

Nuclear and radioactive trafficking has emerged as a critical issue on the global agenda, posing significant threats to national security and increasing the risk of terrorism. Developing nations such as Indonesia face unique challenges and vulnerabilities that render them particularly susceptible to such illegal activities. This study investigates the specific factors contributing to Indonesia's heightened risk of nuclear and radioactive trafficking, employing the Threat, Vulnerabilities, and Consequences (TVC) Framework as a structured analytical tool. Key issues examined include inadequate government awareness and response mechanisms, porous borders that facilitate the illicit movement of goods, and the presence of orphan sources, radioactive materials that are poorly tracked or uncontrolled. Furthermore, the analysis of potential risks and consequences highlights the serious implications of nuclear trafficking, including environmental damage, public health crises, and the potential for catastrophic terrorist attacks. The study reveals how exploitative actors may leverage Indonesia’s institutional and infrastructural weaknesses, emphasizing the urgent need for policy reform, capacity building, and strengthened regional cooperation. Ultimately, addressing these vulnerabilities is essential not only for Indonesia’s national security but also for regional stability and global safety. Keywords: Nuclear, Radioactive, Trafficking, TVC Framework, Indonesia 
Co-Authors Fazha, Alvina Putri Pinatih, Ni Komang Desy Setiawati Arya