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All Journal Zero : Jurnal Sains, Matematika, dan Terapan
Azhari, Alif
Departement of Mathematics, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, 90245, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Mathematics Physics

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Implications of Age-Based Clustering for Survival and Relapse-Free Analysis in METABRIC Breast Cancer Azhari, Alif; Mauliddin, Mauliddin
ZERO: Jurnal Sains, Matematika dan Terapan Vol 9, No 3 (2025): Zero: Jurnal Sains Matematika dan Terapan
Publisher : UIN Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30829/zero.v9i3.26030

Abstract

Cox proportional hazards models are widely used for breast cancer survival analysis, but their validity is often limited by violations of the proportional hazard assumption. Machine learning techniques offer potential ways to improve model robustness, yet their combined use remains underexplored. This study aims to compare the proportional hazard assumptions fulfilment and the discriminatory ability of the models before and after age-based clustering. K-medoids was selected for its robustness to outliers. The results demonstrate that clustering significantly improved adherence to the proportional hazards assumption and increased the concordance index, indicating better predictive performance. Number of variables satisfying the assumption increased from 3 in the global model to 5-6 across clusters. Tumor size and positive lymph nodes consistently had a significant effect on all clusters for both survival time and relapse-free time. These findings suggest that age-based clustering can enhance the robustness and predictive performance of Cox models.
Co-Authors Mauliddin, Mauliddin