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PHOTOTHERMAL THERAPY OF TRIPLE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER USING FOLIC ACID-TARGETED GOLD NANORODS Mayers, David; Reid, Jemima; Thompson, Shannon
Journal of Biomedical and Techno Nanomaterials Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jbtn.v2i6.2981

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype characterized by the absence of hormone receptors and HER2 expression, resulting in limited therapeutic options and poor clinical prognosis. Conventional treatments such as chemotherapy often lack selectivity and are associated with significant systemic toxicity, highlighting the urgent need for more precise and effective therapeutic strategies. This study aims to develop and evaluate folic acid–targeted gold nanorods as a photothermal therapy platform for selective treatment of TNBC. An experimental nanomedicine approach was employed, involving the synthesis of gold nanorods, surface functionalization with folic acid to enable folate receptor–mediated targeting, physicochemical characterization, and biological evaluation in TNBC models. Photothermal performance was assessed under near-infrared laser irradiation, while cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and therapeutic selectivity were systematically analyzed. The results demonstrate that folic acid functionalization significantly enhanced nanoparticle uptake by TNBC cells, leading to higher localized temperature elevation and pronounced cancer cell ablation compared to non-targeted nanorods. Minimal cytotoxic effects were observed in normal breast cells, indicating favorable selectivity. In conclusion, folic acid–targeted gold nanorods provide an effective and selective photothermal therapy strategy for TNBC. This approach shows strong potential for advancing targeted nanomedicine and offers a promising alternative for treating aggressive breast cancer subtypes.
TROPICAL FORESTRY POLICY IN INDONESIA: EVALUATING THE INTEGRATION OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION Reid, Jemima; Mayers, David; Parris, Michael
Journal of Selvicoltura Asean Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Adra Karima Hubbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70177/jsa.v3i1.3544

Abstract

Tropical forests in Indonesia are under increasing pressure from deforestation, land-use change, and climate variability, posing significant ecological, economic, and social challenges. Current forestry policies often struggle to balance sustainable management objectives with economic development priorities. The integration of scientific knowledge, technological innovation, and public participation is recognized as a critical pathway to enhancing policy effectiveness and ensuring long-term forest resilience, yet empirical evaluation of this integration remains limited. This study aims to evaluate how Indonesian forestry policies incorporate scientific evidence, technological tools, and stakeholder participation in policy formulation and implementation. The research assesses policy frameworks, governance structures, and stakeholder engagement mechanisms to identify strengths, gaps, and opportunities for improvement. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining document analysis of national and regional forestry policies, semi-structured interviews with 40 policymakers, forestry experts, and community representatives, and field observations in three major forested regions. Data were analyzed using thematic coding, comparative policy assessment, and descriptive statistics to evaluate the level and effectiveness of integration. Results indicate that policies incorporating technological monitoring systems, participatory decision-making, and scientific assessments achieve higher compliance, adaptive capacity, and stakeholder satisfaction. However, inconsistencies across regions and limited public engagement constrain overall effectiveness. The study concludes that integrative approaches strengthen policy outcomes, but systematic mechanisms for scaling science, technology, and public participation are required to enhance sustainable tropical forestry governance in Indonesia.