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All Journal ORGANIZE: Journal of Economics, Management and Finance Alkasb: Journal of Islamic Economics
Petrov, Daniel
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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The halal economy as a strategic driver of sustainable agricultural development in Bulgaria Petrov, Daniel
Alkasb: Journal of Islamic Economics Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Islamic Economics Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Islamic Economics, Universitas Annuqayah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59005/alkasb.v4i2.1031

Abstract

The study examines the institutional and market readiness of Bulgarian agricultural producers to adopt halal certification within the framework of the Islamic moral economy and the European Union’s sustainability agenda. The growing global demand for halal products has positioned certification as a key driver of ethical and environmentally responsible production; however, in Bulgaria, the absence of a legal framework and national certification authority remains a significant barrier. The research employs a mixed-method approach, combining SWOT analysis of macroeconomic and institutional conditions with a quantitative survey of 126 agricultural holdings proportionally distributed across six NUTS-2 regions. The data were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify the underlying determinants of readiness. The results show strong market motivation and environmental compatibility but low institutional trust due to regulatory uncertainty. Three main factors—(1) institutional trust and awareness, (2) market motivation and orientation, and (3) sustainability and ethics—shape the readiness of producers to engage in halal certification. The findings indicate that while Bulgaria possesses favorable geographic, structural, and ecological advantages, the successful integration into the halal economy depends on coordinated institutional efforts, improved policy design, and enhanced stakeholder awareness. The study recommends establishing a national halal certification authority and integrating halal standards into sustainable agricultural programs to strengthen competitiveness and export potential.
Dual Sustainability in Agricultural Development: A Case-Based Framework From Bulgaria Petrov, Daniel
ORGANIZE: Journal of Economics, Management and Finance Vol. 4 No. 4 (2025): Economic Transformation and Development
Publisher : Perkumpulan Dosen Fakultas Agama Islam Indramayu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58355/organize.v4i4.198

Abstract

Sustainable nitrogen management remains a major challenge for Bulgarian agriculture, where low Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) and limited uptake of innovative fertilization practices constrain productivity and environmental performance. This study aims to assess both the technological effectiveness and institutional enabling conditions for adopting urease inhibitors—specifically N-(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) and N-propyl-thiophosphoric triamide (NPPT)—within a real production context. A mixed-method approach was applied, combining a quantitative case analysis of a representative wheat farm with a documentary review of national policies, regulations and support programs. The results show an 8.1% increase in yield, a 23.4% improvement in NUE, and a higher Return on Investment (ROI) for inhibitor-treated plots, confirming the internal economic and agronomic sustainability of the technology. However, institutional assessment reveals critical constraints, including missing subsidy instruments, partial regulatory clarity, and weak advisory support structures, which limit broader adoption. To integrate these findings, the study employs a dual sustainability framework that evaluates both technological performance and institutional capacity. The conclusions highlight that technological innovations alone cannot drive agricultural transformation without coherent, well-aligned governance and support systems. Strengthening policy design, advisory services and regulatory instruments is essential for enabling the large-scale diffusion of effective nitrogen management technologies.
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