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Dynamical analysis of a Crowley-Martin Eco-epidemiological model with impact of fear, prey refuge and harvesting Divya, Arumugam; Sivabalan, Muthurathinam; Yavuz, Mehmet; Ashwin, Anbulinga; Pradeep, Manickasundaram Siva
Jambura Journal of Biomathematics (JJBM) Volume 6, Issue 4: December 2025
Publisher : Department of Mathematics, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37905/jjbm.v6i4.34528

Abstract

We develop an eco-epidemiological model that includes three species comprising a food web: vulnerable prey, diseased prey, and predator species that transmit disease to their prey. A population of prey consists of two subpopulations: healthy prey (susceptible prey), which follow the logistic law and are capable of reproducing, and diseased prey, which are destroyed by predation or die before reproducing. A predator devour vulnerable and infected prey in various proportions in a Crowley-Martin type of interaction.  In the Crowley-Martin functional response, there is interdependence among predators, regardless of whether a particular predator is actively seeking prey or interacting with prey at any given time. In Holling-type II interactions, vulnerable prey is consumed by infected prey.