<![CDATA[Background: Caesarean section (CS) is the delivery of a baby through an abdominal incision (laparotomy) and an incision in the uterus (hysterotomy) to remove the baby. According to WHO, the indicator for caesarean section deliveries in each country is between 10% and 15%. Based on medical records from Bakti Timah Hospital, there were 196 caesarean section procedures in 2021, 226 in 2022, and 319 in 2023. Methods: This study uses a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The population is all mothers giving birth at Bakti Timah Hospital from January to December 2024, totaling 1,100 people. The sample consists of 400 respondents. This study uses non-random sampling, in which sampling is based more on practical considerations than on probability, with purposive sampling applied. Results: The results of the bivariate analysis show a significant relationship between prolonged labor and CS (p=0.000), fetal distress and CS (p=0.000), previous CS history and CS (p=0.000), and premature rupture of membranes and CS (p=0.028). Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. Conclusion: This conclusion shows that there is a significant relationship between prolonged labor, fetal distress, previous CS history, and premature rupture of membranes with the incidence of caesarean section at Bakti Timah Hospital, Pangkalpinang City, suggesting early detection and proper management to reduce non-medically indicated caesarean deliveries. Keyword: SC, Prolonged Labor, Fetal Distress, History of cesarean section, Premature Rupture of Membranes]]>
