Bibi, Tanzeela
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Hybrid Machine Learning Framework for Joint Prediction of Window Mean and Bit Error Rate in SC-LDPC Decoding Bibi, Tanzeela; Zhou, Hua; Akbar, Sana; Awasthi, Lalit
Scientific Journal of Engineering Research Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : PT. Teknologi Futuristik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64539/sjer.v2i1.2026.364

Abstract

Modern low-latency communication systems increasingly rely on spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes combined with windowed decoding (WD) to achieve high reliability with reduced latency and memory requirements. However, evaluating the intrinsic trade-off between decoding complexity and error performance typically measured by the average window iteration count (WMEAN) and bit error rate (BER) still depends on computationally intensive Monte Carlo simulations, which limits rapid system optimization and real-time design exploration. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a hybrid machine learning framework for the joint, non-iterative prediction of WMEAN and BER using a single set of code and channel parameters. A high-fidelity dataset is generated through extensive SC-LDPC windowed decoding simulations across varying window sizes, coupling lengths, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions. Based on this dataset, a multi-output Random Forest Regressor is trained to exploit the shared underlying decoding dynamics that govern both computational complexity and decoding reliability. The proposed model achieves accurate simultaneous prediction of WMEAN and BER, demonstrating strong generalization performance while significantly reducing system evaluation time compared to conventional simulation-based approaches. Feature-importance analysis further reveals the dominant influence of channel quality and coupling structure on both decoding effort and error performance. These results indicate that the proposed framework provides an effective surrogate modeling tool for fast design-space exploration and informed performance–complexity trade-off analysis. The methodology enables practical optimization of high-throughput SC-LDPC decoders and supports the development of adaptive and resource-efficient communication systems.
AVNPR-Net: A Real-Time Deep Learning Framework for Robust Vehicle Number Plate Detection and Recognition Ijaz, Ahmad; Sarfraz, Tayyba; Bibi, Tanzeela; Usman, Muhammad
Scientific Journal of Engineering Research Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): September (in Process)
Publisher : PT. Teknologi Futuristik Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64539/sjer.v2i3.2026.495

Abstract

AVNPR systems are critical in intelligent transportation, monitoring, and law enforcement systems. Nevertheless, the current systems are usually challenged by the issues of dissimilar illumination, obstruction, and the diversity of plate formats, which restrict their practical applicability. To solve these problems, this paper suggests a real-time deep learning-driven AVNPR framework that incorporates effective detection and recognition systems.  The proposed system employs the YOLOv8 object detector model to localize number plates with high accuracy and speed, as well as a lightweight recognition module to identify alphanumeric characters. A custom dataset with different types of vehicles in different environmental conditions was created and improved with the help of preprocessing and data augmentation methods to make the model more robust. In the experiments, the proposed system demonstrated an overall system accuracy of 98.7%, representing the combined number plate detection and character recognition results. The mAP@0.5 is 97%, and mAP 0.5-0.95 is 91%, as well as high precision, recall, and F1-score, which suggests that it shows potential applicability across varying conditions in the assessed dataset and suggests that it may be suitable for real-world applications. The system is also implemented with a Flask-based web application, and it supports image based and real-time webcam detection. The results indicate that the proposed framework provides a viable, efficient, and deployable solution to AVNPR applications. The work will lead to the creation of scalable and real-time intelligent transportation systems and give a basis for future advancement in the improvement of robust vehicle recognition in challenging conditions.