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All Journal Journal of Environmental Economics and Sustainability
Nauman, Muhammad Mustafa
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Aligning Local Interventions with Global and Constitutional Frameworks: A Comprehensive Policy Review for Strengthening Climate Resilience and Economic Security in Balochistan through Targeted Water Management and Climate-Smart Agriculture Javed, Adnan Ahmad; Nauman, Muhammad Mustafa
Journal of Environmental Economics and Sustainability Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): November
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jees.v3i1.1019

Abstract

Balochistan, Pakistan’s driest province, faces severe water shortages, long droughts, and heatwaves, threatening its farming economy. Current water policies, shaped by the Indus Waters Treaty, do not address the groundwater crisis or adaptation needs, worsening poverty and food insecurity. This review aims to assess community-driven changes in water management and climate-smart agriculture to build resilience and economic security. It focuses on improving climate resilience while aligning with Pakistan's constitutional commitments and international agreements, such as the Paris Agreement and the UN SDGs. The analysis shows that decentralized solutions like drip irrigation, rainwater harvesting, drought-resistant crops, and community-led governance can significantly reduce water use by up to 90%, boost crop yields by 15-40%, and lower financial losses. To break the cycle of vulnerability, policymakers must shift from large, centralized projects to community-focused approaches, integrating climate-resilient microfinance into provincial planning
Carbon Credits: Effect on the Economy and Environment Javed, Adnan Ahmad; Nauman, Muhammad Mustafa; Israr, Hamdan; Inam, Shaheer
Journal of Environmental Economics and Sustainability Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): November
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jees.v3i1.1022

Abstract

This paper encompasses topics, including the implications of global warming, the intricacies of carbon markets, the benefits associated with carbon emissions reduction, and an evaluation of systems like net zero alongside other initiatives designed to normalize the discourse on carbon credits. Furthermore, it revisits and critically assesses previously established protocols and propositions within this sphere. It evaluates the practicality and efficiency of these methods and presents a conclusion. Moreover, the paper establishes connections with campaigns, introducing schemes, models, and mechanisms that have emerged in response to the growing concern over climate change. These integrations are presented as components that contribute to the impact of carbon credits on environmental governance and policy-making. By weaving together these elements, the paper aims to shed light on the role that carbon credits play in maintaining environmental sustainability, and underlining how crucial they are in the future of this field
Co-Authors Inam, Shaheer Israr, Hamdan Javed, Adnan Ahmad