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All Journal Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya
Arwinata, Hafiz Indra
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Aerospace Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Comparative Study of Activation Functions and Image Resolution on ResNet-34 for Spiral Galaxy Spin Classification Arwinata, Hafiz Indra; Kusuma, Sultan Hadi; Jaelani, Anton Timur
Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): SPEKTRA: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya, Volume 10 Issue 3, December 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Fisika Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/SPEKTRA.103.03

Abstract

This study investigates the application of the Residual Network (ResNet-34) architecture for classifying spiral galaxy spin directions, specifically focusing on the comparative performance of activation functions and cross-dataset generalizability using data derived from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Legacy Survey (DESI LS) and the Hyper Suprime Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) surveys. The methodology ensures robustness by training each model configuration across 10 independent runs. The results demonstrate the clear superiority of the Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) over the Hyperbolic Tangent (Tanh); ReLU-based models achieved a mean peak accuracy of 94.7% and required only less than 60 epochs to converge, significantly faster than Tanh's 120 epochs. Crucially, we found that models trained on lower-resolution DESI LS images exhibited superior robustness and generalizability compared to high-resolution-trained models, suggesting that low-resolution training acts as effective implicit regularization. This research provides critical design recommendations for efficient machine learning pipelines, particularly for upcoming facilities like the 3.8-meter telescope at Timau National Observatory (TNO), ensuring model stability and transferability across diverse survey conditions.
Co-Authors Jaelani, Anton Timur Kusuma, Sultan Hadi