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All Journal Media Kedokteran Hewan Veterinary Biomedical and Clinical Journal
Musa, Ibrahim Waziri
Unknown Affiliation
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary

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Pathophysiological Responses of Chickens to very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection: Haematological Modulation by Nigella sativa: Haematological Effects of Nigella sativa in vvIBDV-Challenged Chickens Muhammed, Muhammed Shuaib; Orakpoghenor, Ochuko; Elijah, Mary Oluwatomisin; Oladele, Sunday Blessing; Mohammed, Bisalla; Musa, Ibrahim Waziri
Veterinary Biomedical and Clinical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Vol. 7 No. 2 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.VetBioClinJ.2025.007.02.3

Abstract

Despite growing interest in the immunomodulatory properties of Nigella sativa, limited evidence exists on its haematological effects during very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) infection in chickens. This study evaluated the influence of N. sativa seed powder (NSSP) on haematological parameters in Dominant Black Marshal cockerels experimentally challenged with vvIBDV. One hundred one-day-old chicks were randomly assigned to five groups (A–E, 20 birds each). Groups A and B received basal diet only; C and D received 2.8 g/kg NSSP from 21–27 days of age (doa); and E received NSSP continuously from 1–42 doa. On day 28, groups B, D, and E were orally challenged with vvIBDV, while A and C remained unchallenged. Blood samples collected from 1–42 doa were analysed for packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), total leukocyte (TLC), differential leukocyte counts, and heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratios. Groups receiving NSSP generally showed higher PCV, Hb, and RBC prior to challenge. Following vvIBDV infection, significant (P < 0.05) declines in PCV, Hb, and RBC were observed in groups B, D, and E, with group B showing the most pronounced anaemia. Groups D and E demonstrated moderate leukocytosis and lower H/L ratios compared to group B, suggesting reduced stress and inflammatory responses. These findings indicate that N. sativa supplementation, particularly when administered from early life, may confer partial haematological protection and mitigate the adverse effects of vvIBDV infection in chickens.
Nigella sativa Seed Powder Supplementation Mitigates Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Alterations in Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus-Infected Chickens Muhammed, Muhammed Shuaib; Orakpoghenor, Ochuko; Oladele, Sunday Blessing; Mohammed, Bisalla; Musa, Ibrahim Waziri
Media Kedokteran Hewan Vol. 37 No. 2 (2026): Media Kedokteran Hewan
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/mkh.v37i2.2026.143-154

Abstract

Oxidative imbalance plays a key role in the pathology associated with highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus infection in chickens; however, nutritional strategies to limit this damage remain insufficiently explored. This study evaluated the influence of dietary Nigella sativa seed powder on selected oxidative biomarkers in experimentally infected cockerels. One-hundred-day-old birds were randomly distributed into five groups: uninfected controls, infected controls, seed powder supplementation alone, short-term supplementation with a viral challenge, and continuous supplementation with a viral challenge. The supplement was incorporated into the feed for either 7 or 42 days, while infection was induced orally at 28 days of age. Serum analysis revealed that viral infection reduced superoxide dismutase activity while increasing catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, and lipid peroxidation levels. Birds receiving continuous supplementation showed markedly attenuated alterations compared to the untreated infected groups. These findings indicate that Nigella sativa seed powder effectively moderated virus-associated oxidative disturbances by supporting endogenous antioxidant defenses and limiting membrane lipid damage, highlighting its potential value as a functional dietary intervention in infected poultry.
Co-Authors Elijah, Mary Oluwatomisin Mohammed, Bisalla Muhammed, Muhammed Shuaib Oladele, Sunday Blessing Orakpoghenor, Ochuko