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All Journal IJCR (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research)
Salmahaminati
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Formulasi Kosmetik Lip Balm Tabir Surya Dengan Kombinasi Kitosan dan Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Salmahaminati; Dyah Nuraini, Herdita; Indah Fajarwati, Febi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): Volume 10, ISSUE 2, 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol10.iss2.art4

Abstract

This research involved formulating lip balm using a combination of chitosan and red dragon fruit peel as active ingredients in the lip balm formula. The purpose of this research is to learning about lip balm’s physical and chemical properties, which involves adding chitosan and red dragon fruit peel, determining lip balm formulation with various concentrations of red dragon fruit peel, and understanding betalain compounds in red dragon fruit peel as antioxidants using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. Based on the phytochemical screening and antioxidant test, the extract can be used as an active ingredient in cosmetics, and the antioxidant value IC50 is 0,675 mg/mL. However, this antioxidant's effectiveness is classified as low because of some environmental factors. There are 6 lip balm formulas, which are F0A, F0B, F1, F2, F3, and F4. All of the lip balm formulas have fulfilled the requirements of a lip balm product, like organoleptic test, pH test, hedonic test, and adhesive strength test. The result of the SPF test shows that lip balm formulas F0A, F0B, F1, and F2 are classified as maximum protection. Meanwhile, lip balm formulas F3 and F4 are classified as ultra protection with an SPF value >15
Analysis of Chromium, Nickel, Zinc, and Manganese in Wastewater Matrices Using ICP-OES at PT Medialab Indonesia Fahrevi, Ganang Adha; Salmahaminati
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Volume 11, ISSUE 1, 2026
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijcr.vol11.iss1.art16

Abstract

Industrial wastewater from metal-related industries commonly contains heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn), which pose significant risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health if discharged without adequate treatment. This study aimed to determine total metal concentrations in inlet (untreated) and outlet (treated) wastewater matrices using Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) at PT Medialab Indonesia, Cikarang Barat, and to evaluate the efficiency of the wastewater treatment process in accordance with Peraturan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No. 5 Tahun 2014, specifically Appendix 47. Wastewater samples were subjected to acid digestion using HNO₃ and HCl prior to ICP-OES analysis. Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) parameters including calibration linearity (R²), percent relative percent difference (%RPD), and percent recovery (%REC) were rigorously evaluated. All calibration curves exhibited excellent linearity with R² values of 0.9996–0.9998. Analytical precision was confirmed with %RPD values ranging from 0.66% to 6.42%, and matrix spike recoveries fell within the acceptable range of 87.91%–98.62%. Total metal concentrations in the inlet were 0.0218 mg/L (Cr), 0.1354 mg/L (Mn), 0.0486 mg/L (Ni), and 0.8233 mg/L (Zn). Following the treatment, removal efficiencies of 84.2% for Cr, 93.7% for Mn, and 87.2% for Zn were achieved. All outlet concentrations complied fully with applicable regulatory limits, confirming that the ICP-OES method supported by rigorous QA/QC procedures is reliable and effective for total metal monitoring in complex industrial wastewater matrices.
Co-Authors Dyah Nuraini, Herdita Fahrevi, Ganang Adha Indah Fajarwati, Febi