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All Journal Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Thepanondh, Sarawut
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Health Professions Public Health

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Flash Emissions from Acrylonitrile Storage Tank and Their Impact on Ambient Air Quality Mapraditkul, Pornpavit; Jookjantra, Peemapat; Charuchitsopon, Pavaris; Premrungchet, Korn; Sooktawee, Sirapong; Thepanondh, Sarawut
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 58 No. 2 (2026): Vol. 58 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2026.58.2.9

Abstract

Flash emissions from chemical storage tanks are a major source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), accounting for over 90% of total VOC releases during storage. This study evaluated acrylonitrile emissions at a petrochemical facility using the Vasquez-Beggs Equation (VBE), TANKS 5.1, and the AERMOD dispersion model. Under midrange conditions, flashing losses were estimated at 12.84 g/s, with peak emissions reaching 18.17 g/s under high-pressure, low-temperature conditions. In comparison, breathing and working losses contributed only 0.0986 g/s and 0.2776 g/s, respectively, in uncontrolled scenarios. Air dispersion modeling indicated acrylonitrile concentrations exceeding 800 µg/m³ for 24-hour exposure and surpassing 250 µg/m³ in annual averages near sensitive receptors under uncontrolled conditions. Implementing a 90% efficient emission control system reduced flashing losses to 1.284 g/s, effectively lowering ambient concentrations by more than 80%. However, even with substantial reductions, residual cancer risks at certain receptors remained above the acceptable threshold of 1.0 × 10⁻⁶, highlighting the need for additional mitigation measures. These findings underscore the importance of advanced emission control technologies and optimized operational practices to minimize the environmental and health impacts of acrylonitrile storage tanks, offering actionable insights for sustainable industrial air quality management.
Emission Characterization and Health Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds from Automotive Painting in Thailand Kultan, Vanitchaya; Thepanondh, Sarawut; Keawboonchu, Jutarat; Pinthong, Nattaporn; Malakan, Wissawa
Kesmas Vol. 20, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The automotive industry is a significant source of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, particularly from solvent-based painting processes. This study evaluated VOC characteristics and distribution to assess associated health risks for workers and communities at varying distances from automotive painting facilities in Thailand, focusing on stacks and wastewater treatment plants that handle solvent-containing wastewater. The findings revealed aromatic compounds were predominant (66% of the total emissions), followed by oxygenated VOCs (26%). The stacks mainly emitted aromatics such as toluene and ethylbenzene, whereas the wastewater released oxygenated VOCs, particularly methyl isobutyl ketone and methyl ethyl ketone. The exposure concentrations in each area were primarily influenced by wind direction, with higher levels observed by downwind. The hazard index for areas was less than 1, indicating safe noncarcinogenic risk levels. The lifetime cancer risk showed that ethylbenzene posed a probable risk in all areas (maximum 8.15 × 10⁻⁶ μg/m³), whereas 1,2-dichloroethane exhibited a probable risk within 200 meters of the facility (maximum 4.13 × 10⁻⁵ μg/m³). This study supports the development of comprehensive emission standards covering health-related compounds and guides residential planning to avoid potential health impacts.
Co-Authors Charuchitsopon, Pavaris Jookjantra, Peemapat Keawboonchu, Jutarat Kultan, Vanitchaya Malakan, Wissawa Mapraditkul, Pornpavit Pinthong, Nattaporn Premrungchet, Korn Sooktawee, Sirapong